a diverse group of previously unrecognized human rhinoviruses are common causes of respiratory illnesses in infants不同组之前未被人类鼻病毒在婴儿呼吸道疾病的常见原因.pdfVIP

A Diverse Group of Previously Unrecognized Human Rhinoviruses Are Common Causes of Respiratory Illnesses in Infants 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 Wai-Ming Lee *, Christin Kiesner , Tressa Pappas , Iris Lee , Kris Grindle , Tuomas Jartti , Bogdan Jakiela , Robert F. Lemanske, Jr. , Peter A. Shult2, James E. Gern1 1 Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America, 2 Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America Background. Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) are the most prevalent human pathogens, and consist of 101 serotypes that are classified into groups A and B according to sequence variations. HRV infections cause a wide spectrum of clinical outcomes ranging from asymptomatic infection to severe lower respiratory symptoms. Defining the role of specific strains in various HRV illnesses has been difficult because traditional serology, which requires viral culture and neutralization tests using 101 serotype-specific antisera, is insensitive and laborious. Methods and Findings. To directly type HRVs in nasal secretions of infants with frequent respiratory illnesses, we developed a sensitive molecular typing assay based on phylogenetic comparisons of a 260-bp variable sequence in the 5’ noncoding region with homologous sequences of the 101 known serotypes. Nasal samples from 26 infants were first tested with a multiplex PCR assay for respiratory viruses, and HRV was the most common virus found (108 of 181 samples). Typing was completed for 101 samples and 103 HRVs were identified. Surprisingly, 54 (52.4%) HRVs did not match any of the known serotypes and had 12–35% nucleotide