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a method for studying calcium dynamics in transgenic mice在转基因小鼠研究钙动力学的方法
Research Digest
Synopses of Research Articles
Ecology Drives the Global Distribution
of Human Diseases
It’s no surprise that the Amazonian rainforest contains far
more species than, say, the Siberian tundra. Over 50% of the
world’s species live in tropical rainforests, which cover just 6% to
7% of the earth’s terrestrial surface. That the number of marine
and terrestrial species declines with distance from the equator
is a well-documented phenomenon called the latitudinal
species diversity gradient. What’s proven challenging, however,
is fi guring out what drives this pattern. Over 30 hypotheses
have been proposed in the past two decades, but only four have
garnered serious attention. These four focus on variables relating
to area and energy factors, geographic constraints, and habitat
diversity. Understanding the factors—both contemporary and
ancient—responsible for the diversity gradient could help
answer one of the fundamental questions in evolutionary
ecology: what regulates species diversity? But teasing out the
likely mechanisms behind this diversity has practical implications
as well: mounting evidence suggests that ecological and climatic The number of pathogen species increases towards the equator
conditions infl uence the emergence, spread, and recurrence of
infectious diseases. Global climate change is likely to aggravate confi rmed that, on average (seven times out of ten), tropical
climate-sensitive diseases in unpredictable ways. areas harbor a larger number of pathogen species than more
Increasingly, public health programs aimed at preventing and temperate areas. In other words, the species richness of human
controlling disease outbreaks are considering aspects of the pathogens follows the same pattern seen in other species.
ecology of infectious diseases—how hosts, vectors, and parasites These resul
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