a new horned crocodile from the plio-pleistocene hominid sites at olduvai gorge, tanzania一个新的角鳄鱼plio-pleistocene古人类遗址的奥杜威峡谷,坦桑尼亚.pdfVIP
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a new horned crocodile from the plio-pleistocene hominid sites at olduvai gorge, tanzania一个新的角鳄鱼plio-pleistocene古人类遗址的奥杜威峡谷,坦桑尼亚
A New Horned Crocodile from the Plio-Pleistocene
Hominid Sites at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania
1 2,3 4 5
Christopher A. Brochu *, Jackson Njau , Robert J. Blumenschine , Llewellyn D. Densmore
1 Department of Geoscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America, 2 Human Evolution Research Center, Department of Integrative Biology,
University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America, 3 National Natural History Museum, Arusha, Tanzania, 4 Center for Human Evolutionary Studies,
Department of Anthropology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America, 5 Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University,
Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
Abstract
Background: The fossil record reveals surprising crocodile diversity in the Neogene of Africa, but relationships with their
living relatives and the biogeographic origins of the modern African crocodylian fauna are poorly understood. A Plio-
Pleistocene crocodile from Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania, represents a new extinct species and shows that high crocodylian
diversity in Africa persisted after the Miocene. It had prominent triangular ‘‘horns’’ over the ears and a relatively deep snout,
these resemble those of the recently extinct Malagasy crocodile Voay robustus, but the new species lacks features found
among osteolaemines and shares derived similarities with living species of Crocodylus.
Methodology/Principal Findings: The holotype consists of a partial skull and skeleton and was collected on the surface
between two tuffs dated to approximately 1.84 million years (Ma), in the same interval near the type localities for the
homin
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