a new paleozoic symmoriiformes (chondrichthyes) from the late carboniferous of kansas (usa) and cladistic analysis of early chondrichthyans一个新的古生代symmoriiformes晚石炭世(软骨鱼纲)从堪萨斯(美国)和早期chondrichthyans的进化枝的分析.pdfVIP
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a new paleozoic symmoriiformes (chondrichthyes) from the late carboniferous of kansas (usa) and cladistic analysis of early chondrichthyans一个新的古生代symmoriiformes晚石炭世(软骨鱼纲)从堪萨斯(美国)和早期chondrichthyans的进化枝的分析
A New Paleozoic Symmoriiformes (Chondrichthyes) from
the Late Carboniferous of Kansas (USA) and Cladistic
Analysis of Early Chondrichthyans
1 2 1 3
Alan Pradel *, Paul Tafforeau , John G. Maisey , Philippe Janvier
1 Department of Vertebrate Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, United States of America, 2 European Synchrotron Radiation Facility,
´ ´ ´ ´
Grenoble, France, 3 Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Centre de Recherches sur la Paleobiodiversite et les Paleoenvironnements (CRP2), UMR 7207 du CNRS,
´
Departement Histoire de la Terre, Paris, France
Abstract
Background: The relationships of cartilaginous fishes are discussed in the light of well preserved three-dimensional
Paleozoic specimens. There is no consensus to date on the interrelationship of Paleozoic chondrichthyans, although three
main phylogenetic hypotheses exist in the current literature: 1. the Paleozoic shark-like chondrichthyans, such as the
Symmoriiformes, are grouped along with the modern sharks (neoselachians) into a clade which is sister group of
holocephalans; 2. the Symmoriiformes are related to holocephalans, whereas the other Paleozoic shark-like chondrichthyans
are related to neoselachians; 3. many Paleozoic shark-like chondrichthyans, such as the Symmoriiformes, are stem
chondrichthyans, whereas stem and crown holocephalans are sister group to the stem and crown neoselachians in a crown-
chondrichthyan clade. This third hypothesis was proposed recently, based mainly on dental characters.
Methodology/Principal Findings
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