a protocadherin-cadherin-flrt3 complex controls cell adhesion and morphogenesisprotocadherin-cadherin-flrt3复杂控制细胞粘附和形态发生.pdfVIP

A Protocadherin-Cadherin-FLRT3 Complex Controls Cell Adhesion and Morphogenesis ¤ Xuejun Chen , Eunjin Koh, Michael Yoder, Barry M. Gumbiner* Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America Abstract Background: Paraxial protocadherin (PAPC) and fibronectin leucine-rich domain transmembrane protein-3 (FLRT3) are induced by TGFb signaling in Xenopus embryos and both regulate morphogenesis by inhibiting C-cadherin mediated cell adhesion. Principal Findings: We have investigated the functional and physical relationships between PAPC, FLRT3, and C-cadherin. Although neither PAPC nor FLRT3 are required for each other to regulate C-cadherin adhesion, they do interact functionally and physically, and they form a complex with cadherins. By itself PAPC reduces cell adhesion physiologically to induce cell sorting, while FLRT3 disrupts adhesion excessively to cause cell dissociation. However, when expressed together PAPC limits the cell dissociating and tissue disrupting activity of FLRT3 to make it effective in physiological cell sorting. PAPC counteracts FLRT3 function by inhibiting the recruitment of the GTPase RND1 to the FLRT3 cytoplasmic domain. Conclusions/Significance: PAPC and FLRT3 form a functional complex with cadherins and PAPC functions as a molecular ‘‘governor’’ to maintain FLRT3 activity at the optimal level for physiological regulation of C-cadherin adhesion, cell sorting, and morphogenesis. Citation: Chen X, Koh E, Yoder M, Gumbiner BM (2009) A Protocadherin-Cadherin-FLRT3 Complex Controls Cell Adhesion and Morphogenesis. PLoS ONE 4(12): e8411. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008411 Editor: Neil A. Hotchin, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom Received May 19, 2009; Accepted November 30, 2009; Published December 22, 2009 Copyright: