中条山林源植物药资源及可持续利用探究.doc

中条山林源植物药资源及可持续利用探究[摘要] 笔者经过3年的调查得知，中条山分布的林源植物药有1 181种，其中，菌藻类8科14种、蕨类19科29属50种、裸子植物5科8属13种、被子植物125科540属1 104种（含栽培153种），占山西省植物药种数的90%以上。针对资源面临的林不管药、过度利用、滥采乱挖等问题，提出林药结合、强化管理、合理开发的对策，使林区植物药资源得以保护与可持续利用。 [关键词] 林源植物药；资源；可持续利用；中条山 [中图分类号] R933.241 [文献标识码]C [文章编号]1673-7210（2011）03（b）-126-03 Research on forest plants medicine resources and sustainable utilization of Zhongtiaoshan LI Yangsheng1, TENG Xunhui2, ZHAO Yuchen2, ZHANG Xiazhong1, TENG Fei3 1. Shanxi Province State-owned Forest Authority Zhongtiaoshan, Shanxi Province, Houma 043003, China; 2. Shanxi Medicinal Animals and Plants Cultivation Research Base, Shanxi Province, Jiangxian 043600, China; 3. Shanxi Province Medicinal Plants Development Institute, Shanxi Province, Quwo 043400, China [Abstract] According to the author’s investigation in the past three years, there are 1 181 forest plants medicines in Zhongtiaoshan, among them thallophyte has 14 kinds of 8 families, ferns pteridophytes has 50 kinds of 19 families, ferns gymnosperm has 13 kinds of 5 families, ferns angiosperm has 1 104 kinds of 125 families (153 species of containing cultivation), the species for more than 90 percent of total of the herbal medicine in Shanxi Province. Aiming at some questions such as forestry department do not manage plant medicine, excessive utilization, damaging exploitation of deforestation, author put forward the forestry department manage such as combining with forestry and pharmaceutical, strengthening countermeasures management, reasonable development in order to make plant medicine resources to be protected and utilized sustainable. [Key words] Forest plant medicine; Resources; Sustainable utilization; Zhongtiaoshan 中条山是我国药材的主产区之一，由于中条山区特有的地理环境、温和的气侯条件和良好的山区自然条件以及有利于植物生长的种种局部小气候，既分布着北温带植物，又分布着亚热带植物，蕴藏着种类繁多、资源雄厚的植物药。1987年在历次中药资源调查的基础上，已查清中条山共有中药材622种，其中植物类药材539种，动物类药材65种，矿物类药材18种[1]。为了进一步掌握中条山林源植物药的现状，笔者于2007～2009年经过3次调查，通过收集中条山地形、土壤、气候、植被和农业、林业、牧业等历史文献相关资料，访问药农、药材购销站、林场和野外调查，基本摸清了中条山林源植物药的分布、蕴藏量以及重点