2011年度全球10大科学突破（Top 10 scientific breakthroughs in 2011）.doc

2011年度全球10大科学突破（Top 10 scientific breakthroughs in 2011） Science published 2011 top scientific breakthroughs in the year 2011-12-30 07:39 source: Science and technology daily print page closed The treatment and prevention of HIV antiretroviral drugs. The United States science magazine selected the top 10 scientific breakthroughs in 2011, called HPTN 052 AIDS virus (HIV) clinical research progress has been listed as the top 10 breakthrough. The study shows that if HIV carriers take antiretroviral drugs (ARVs), they will reduce their risk of HIV to their partners by 96%. The findings end the long-standing debate over whether antiretroviral drugs have the dual efficacy of treating AIDS patients and reducing the spread of HIV. Now, researchers agree, it is clear that antiretroviral drugs are both therapeutic and preventive in responding to HIV. Researchers from the North Carolina Chapel Hill University Medical School, Mallon Cohen, and others began the study of HPTN 052 in 2007. The subjects were 1763 heterosexual couples from Brazil, India, Thailand, the United States, Botswana, Kenya, Malawi, South Africa and Zimbabwe, each with one to whom HIV was infected. In an earlier study, half of the people infected with HIV immediately provided ARVs; the other half waited until the CD4 count was below 250. If the CD4 count is less than 250, it indicates that the immune function is seriously impaired and aids. Earlier this year, before the formal conclusion of the 4 year research project, an independent oversight committee decided that all participants in the study should accept ARVs immediately. Members of the Committee have seen the enormous impact of early ARVs treatment on HIV transmission rates; they suggest that the findings of the trial should be announced as soon as possible. Subsequently, HPTN 052 results are published in the August 11 issue of the new England Journal of medicine. This (HPTN 052) experiment does not mean that only treating patients can stop an infectio