初中化学总结（Junior high school chemistry summary）.doc

初中化学总结（Junior high school chemistry summary） Junior high school chemistry summary.Txt I this person never, generally have revenge on the spot I quote. Theres nothing to do. Dont look for me! Even believe has a lie in the middle! I like you so much, you like me will die ah? Im not RMB, how can everyone like me? Junior high school chemistry knowledge summary (memorizing part) A scientific name, common name, physical and chemical type ⑴金刚石、石墨：C⑵水银、汞：Hg (3)生石灰、氧化钙：CaO(4)干冰（固体二氧化碳）：CO2 (5)盐酸、氢氯酸：HCl(6)亚硫酸：H2SO3 (7)氢硫酸：H2S (8)熟石灰、消石灰：Ca(OH)2 (9)苛性钠、火碱、烧碱：NaOH (10)纯碱：Na2CO3 碳酸钠晶体、纯碱晶体：Na2CO3·10H2O (11)碳酸氢钠、酸式碳酸钠：NaHCO3 (也叫小苏打） (12)胆矾、蓝矾、硫酸铜晶体：CuSO4·5H2O (13)铜绿、孔雀石：Cu2(OH)2CO3（分解生成三种氧化物的物质） (14)甲醇：CH3OH 有毒、失明、死亡 (15)酒精、乙醇：C2H5OH (16)醋酸、乙酸（16.6℃冰醋酸）CH3COOH（CH3COO- 醋酸根离子） 具有酸的通性 (17)氨气：NH3 （碱性气体） (18)氨水、一水合氨 NH3 H2O (common alkali, alkali with the universal, is a kind of alkali metal ion containing sodium nitrite) (19): NaNO2 (industrial salt, toxic) Two, the state of color of common substances 1, white solid: MgO, P2O5, CaO, NaOH, Ca (OH) 2, KClO3, KCl, Na2CO3, NaCl, anhydrous CuSO4; iron and magnesium as silver white (mercury is silver white liquid) 2, black solid: graphite, carbon powder, iron powder, CuO, MnO2, Fe3O4 / KMnO4 purple black 3, Cu, Fe2O3, red solid: HgO, 3: light yellow / red phosphorus sulfur Cu2 (OH) 2CO3 green 4, the color of the solution: every solution containing Cu2+ is blue; every solution containing Fe2+ is light green; every solution containing Fe3+ is brownish yellow, and the other solutions are generally colorless. (Potassium Permanganate solution for the purple) 5, the precipitation (i.e. water insoluble salt and alkali salt): 1: White:: CaCO3, BaCO3 (dissolved in acid) AgCl, BaSO4 (not soluble in dilute alkali blue HNO3) and II::: Cu (OH) 2 red brown case: Fe (OH) 3 white down: the rest of the alkali. 6, (1) gas with irritating gas: NH3, SO2, HCl (all colorless) (2) colorless, odorless gas: O2, H2, N2, CO2, CH4, CO (highly toxic) Note: the pungen