地形图的编辑（Editor of topographic map）.doc

地形图的编辑（Editor of topographic map） Map editor: Science of Surveying and mapping is a part of natural science. The main points: Geodetic surveying, topographic surveying, aerial photography, engineering surveying, cadastral surveying, cartography etc.. Aerial photography: The use of aircraft for aerial photography on the ground, using aerial topographic mapping. The main task of Surveying and mapping: Determination of plane position and elevation of ground points to the ground topography and geographic information and mapping by digital method. Traster: A three-dimensional coordinate measuring instrument and a computer and other equipment. Topographic map: The various shapes on the surface of the object by using vertical projection method according to a certain scale and scale corresponding to the schema mapping, symbolic representation. Content: a reflection of regional land surface objects and phenomena. Four aspects: Mathematical elements, natural factors, economic factors, decoration elements. Topographic map standard Topographic map: Represents various physiognomy elements of color and symbol note, grades and specifications of font and principles require the use of these symbols and basic methods. The award by the national mapping supervisor. The commonly used topographic map style Three: 1:500 1:1000 1:2000 1:5000 1:10000 1:10 million 1:5 million 1: 25 thousand Topographic map symbols: There is a specific graphic mark, line geometry and note composition. The basic principle of making topographic map symbols: scale, feature, application needs 1 to ensure the precision of the symbol. 2 in order to ensure practical, easy, easy. The 3 symbol graphics and color should be similar to the field of the object, so that a viewer can look the thing, easy to measure, improve the performance of symbol. 4 the size of the symbols, line thickness and line spacing, should be appropriate. The basic characteristics of symbols: A graphic symbol, size, three basic elements of color 1