functional structure of spontaneous sleep slow oscillation activity in humans功能结构在人类的自然睡眠缓慢振荡活动.pdfVIP

Functional Structure of Spontaneous Sleep Slow Oscillation Activity in Humans 1,2 2 3 2,4 2,5 Danilo Menicucci , Andrea Piarulli , Ursula Debarnot , Paola d’Ascanio , Alberto Landi , Angelo Gemignani2,4* ´ 1 Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy, 2 EXTREME Centre, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy, 3 Centre de Recherche et d’Innovation sur le Sport, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon I, Lyon, France, 4 Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy, 5 Department of Electrical Systems and Automation, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy Abstract Background: During non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep synchronous neural oscillations between neural silence (down state) and neural activity (up state) occur. Sleep Slow Oscillations (SSOs) events are their EEG correlates. Each event has an origin site and propagates sweeping the scalp. While recent findings suggest a SSO key role in memory consolidation processes, the structure and the propagation of individual SSO events, as well as their modulation by sleep stages and cortical areas have not been well characterized so far. Methodology/Principal Findings: We detected SSO events in EEG recordings and we defined and measured a set of features corresponding to both wave shapes and event propagations. We found that a typical SSO shape has a transition to down state, which is steeper than the following transition from down to up state. We show that during SWS SSOs are larger and more locally synchronized, but l