性別特質身體實踐與健康風險行為-中國社會學網.pdf

2011 年1 月 妇女研究论丛 Jan. 2011 第1 期总第103 期 Collection of Women ’s Studies No.1 Ser.No.103 性别特质、身体实践与健康风险行为 林晓珊 （浙江师范大学 法政学院社会工作系，浙江金华321004） 关键词：女性特质；男性特质；健康风险行为；身体实践 摘 要：健康风险行为是建构性别身份认同的重要方面，其中包含着不同性别特质的身体实践。在女性特质的实践中，女性 的身体是被视为有缺陷并需要经过现代医疗技术的改造而与健康风险发生关联的；在男性特质的实践中，男性的身体是被视为 优越于女性并需要不断以伤害自己的方式来展演其自身的优越性而与健康风险发生关联的。文章认为，在以男性为中心的社会 中，不仅女性的身体面临极大的风险，男性的身体同样也是这种性别秩序的牺牲品。 中图分类号：C913.68 文献标识：A 文章编号：1004-2563（2011）01-0005-07 Gender Trait, Body Practice and Health Risk Behavior LIN Xiao-shan (Department of Social Work, College of Law and Political Science at the Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang Province, China) Keywords: femininity, masculinity, health risk behavior, body practice Abstract: Health risk behavior is an important aspect of constructing gender identity, which includes different body practices in relation to gender trait. In the practice of femininity, the female body is viewed as defective and needs to be reshaped by modern medical tech- nology and thus, enters in health risk behavior. And in the practice of masculinity, the male body is considered as superior to female and needs to demonstrate his superiority by way of harming himself. Both female and male are suffer from health risks through such body practices of ascribing to femininity and masculinity. In the male-dominated society, not only female bodies are confronted by great risks, male bodies are also victims of this gendered hierarchy. 一、健康风险行为的性别差异 的许多国家都已经开展了针对青少年健康风险行为 自美国著名社会心理学家理查德·杰赛（R