啤酒花摘花、分离机的设计及分析.pdf

啤酒花摘花、分离机的设计与分析 摘 要 新疆啤酒花种植面积和产量居全国第二位，但到目前为止啤酒花的收获还基本上是 靠人工采摘。每年到啤酒花的收获季节，劳动力都十分紧张。因此，有必要研制啤酒花 的采摘、分离机械，解决劳动力缺乏的问题，并为农民降低种植成本。 本文在分析了国内外啤酒花收获机械技术的基础上，设计了一种新型的啤酒花采摘 分离机。其主要的创新点有以下几点： 1.设计了新型的啤酒花采摘机构，该机构由多个摘花滚筒所组成，摘花滚筒之间 的转速有级差。经试验表明，这种机构具有类似于人工捋花的功能。对花型紧实的酒花 具有较好的采摘效果，但对青岛大花易产生较多的碎花。 2.针对青岛大花的特性，又设计了一种由多个直线采摘的钢丝滚筒组成的新型采 摘机构。钢丝滚筒之间依然有转速级差，但滚筒上的钢丝在摘花段的运行轨迹是直线。 对该机构的分析和试验表明，该机构的直线采摘原理具有对啤酒花打击少，摘花效果好 的优点。 3.设计了一种新型的横向输送带式啤酒花分离机构。经试验表明，该分离机结构 简单，只需一级输送带即可完成啤酒花与叶子的分离。该分离机造价低。 本文对新型啤酒花采摘、分离机性能的主要影响因素进行了分析，这对以后的改进 设计和试验具有一定的意义。 关键词：啤酒花,采摘,分离 I THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS ABOUT HOPS’ PICKING-SEPARARATING MECHINE Abstract The hops planting area and output ranked 2nd of the country in Xinj iang. But so far, it is still picked manually. Every year, labor s always not enough at harvest season. So it is a must to develop hops’picking and separating machine to solve this problem, which can reduce the planting cost of farmers. This paper is analyzed technology of hops harvest machine at home and abroad, at the same time, it is also design a new hops’ picking and separating machine . The key innovations as follows: 1. The design of picking institution is new. This institution is composed by many picking drums, and the rotation speed has difference among drums. Experiments show that this agency’s function is similar to labor force, especially, it has excellent effect for picking hops, but it has more fractured hops for Qing dao Dahua. 2. For Qing dao Dahua’s feature, a new institution which is composed by many straight steel-wire drums come into being. It is also has different speed among drums, but steel-wire of