英语常见后缀小结.doc

suffixes -ment, -tion, -sion, -ion: be added to verbs to form nouns. Eg. manage-management,commit-commitment,appoint-appointment; inform-information,civilize-civilization,acquire-acquisition,explain-explanation,congratulate-cong ratulation, consider-consideration ,produce-production, educate-education, compose-composition decide-decision,confuse-confusion, impress-impression, depress-depression -able: be added to verbs to form adjectives meaning “able to be V+ed” , “worthy of being V+ed”, or “ that ought to be V+ed” Eg. Advise-adivisable; desire-desirable; favor-favorable; consider-considerable; remark-remarkable; prefer-preferable; drink-drinkable; accept-acceptable -er, -or: be added to a verb to form a noun which refers to the person who performs the action of the verbs. Sometimes a noun formed in this way refers to an object instead of a person. eg. sing-singer: one who sings; cook-cooker: a device used for cooking; teach-teacher; visit-visitor; ski-skier; report-reporter -ous: be added to nouns to form adjectives with the meaning “having much”, “full of” or “causing” Eg. Mountain-mountainous: having a lot of mountain; danger-dangerous joy-joyous: full of joy -al: be added to nouns to form adjrctives with the meaning “related to” or “of” culture-cultural; tradition-traditional; tropic-tropical; music-musical; occasion-occasional; globe-global; nature-natural; -al; -ing; -age: be added to verbs to form nouns refuse-refusal; arrive-arrival; remoove-removal; build-building; shop- shopping; end-ending; begin-beginning waste-wastage; store-storage; marry-marriage, pass- passage -hood, -ship, -dom: be added to nouns or occasionally to adjectives to form abstract nouns Eg. child- childhood, false-falsehood,boy- boyhood,adult- adulthood, brother- brotherhood, neighbor- neighborhood, lively- livelihood; friend-friendship, hard- hardship, leader-leadership, relation-relationship, citizen-citizenship, author-authorship, owner-ownership; king-kingdom, free-freedom, wi