人教版新目标初中英语九年级课件Unit 10 By the time I got outside, the bus had already left.ppt

By the time I got up, My brother had already gotten in the shower. 2. By the time I got outside,  the bus had already left. 1. By the time I got up, my brother _____ already _____in the shower. 2. By the time I got outside, the bus ______ already ______. 3. When I got to school, I realized I ____ _____ my backpack at home. I had finished my homework before supper． ??? 我在晚饭前把作业做完了。 句中的supper既是过去某一时间，而had finished 这一动作就是在supper 之前完成的。如果只说I had finished my homework．听者会觉得难以理解。由此可见，过去完成时是个相对的时态，它不能离开过去的时间而独立存在。 By the end of that year Henry had collected more than one thousand foreign stamps． 到那年年底，亨利已经收集了一千多张外国邮票。 （过去时间是 the end of that year） When we got there, the football match had already started．当我们到那里时，足球比赛已经开始了。 （过去时间是when从句） e.g. She had learnt 2000 English words by the end of last month． 到上个月末，她已经学了2000个英语单词了。 I hadn’t learnt Japanese before I went to Japan． 我去日本之前没学过日语。 注意： 过去完成时的否定句和疑问句直接通 过had的变化即可。 Language Points 1. I overslept. overslept 是个合成词，意为“睡过头”。 over是个前缀，表示“越过；超过；过分；在…..上面；外加”。例如： overrun 超越 overcareful 过分仔细的 overland 通过陆地的 overcoat 大衣 overtime 超过时间的, 加班的 2.when 和by the time引导的时间状语从句 by the time 到……时候为止，指从过去某一点到，从句所示的时间为止，这一时间段。when当……时候，指过去的某一时间点。从句用一般现在时，主句为过去完成时。 eg． By the time she got up, her brother had already gone into the bathroom． ??? By the time she went outside, the bus had already gone. ???When she got to school, she realized she had left her backpack at home ??? 当她到学校的时候，她意识到她把书包放在家里了。 ?? （在这句话中，过去的时间点为“到校”的时候，“她把书包放在家里”则发生在“过去的过去”。） 3 .get to 意为“到达”。例如： When did you get there last night? 你昨晚什么时候到那儿的？ I get home at 7:00 every day． 我每天7:00到家。 When I got to the cinema, the film had already begun． 我到电影院时，电影已经开始了。 辨析：get, arrive 与 reach 这三个词都可以用来表示“到达”，但是用法不同。 （1）get和arrive都是不及物动词，其后只能跟表示地点的副词，若是跟名词则须再加介词，即get to ＋地点名词，arrive in / at ＋地点名词（in 之后跟表示大地方的词，at之后跟表示小地方的词）。若是只说“到达”，而不指出到达哪里，则只能用arrive。例如： 2）reach为及物动词，其后既可跟名词也可跟副