高级英语玛雅文明.ppt

* religion The most important source on traditional Maya religion is the Mayas themselves: the incumbents（牧师） of positions within the religious hierarchy, diviners（占卜者）, and tellers of tales, and more generally all those persons who shared their knowledge with outsiders (such as anthropologists) in the past and continue to do this until today. * They worship helios, rain god, god of death, Mars, grain, god of corn du,etc.Apollo occupies above the gods, revered as god incarnate. In addition, line ancestor worship, believe in the immortality of the soul. The mayan countries also looks after religious affairs. The capital for religious center. (他们崇拜太阳神、雨神、五谷神、死神、战神、风神、玉米神等神。太阳神居于诸神之上，被尊为上帝的化身。另外，行祖先崇拜，相信灵魂不灭。玛雅国家兼管宗教事务。首都即为宗教中心) * * Calendar The Maya calendar, connected to networks of sacrificial shrines, is fundamental for ritual(仪式) life. The Mayans had a complex calendar system-- based on the solar calendar, the lunar calendar, and the Tzolkin卓尔金历日 . * the expression of calendar The Mayan believed a month (Wu Na) equal to 20 days (gold),and one year (shield) equal to 18 Month (Wu Na) of The Mayan calendar, Coupled with the year 5 are not listed, the actual death: days of the year for 365 days, which coincided(同时发生） with the modern understanding of the earths rotation time history match * * * From 1948 to 1952, Professor Alberto Ruz Lhuiller, an archaeologist from Mexico, found an anaglyph engraved with 9 full-dress god officers and a young man with a wonderful tire in a huge stone chamber. After carefully observation, to their surprise, they found that there was a youth with a helmet operating a streamlined sophisticated machine which looked like an aircraft! 在1948到1952年间,墨西哥籍考古学家路利教授 （Alberto Ruz Lhuiller）发现在巨大石室的墙上刻有九位盛装的神官，及一位带有奇妙头饰的青年浮雕。经过仔细地观察，令每个人都惊奇的是他们发现这个戴着头盔的青年正在操纵一个流线型的尖端的酷似飞行器的机器! * Did the solar son take a rocket to the earth and meet the Mayans? Why? If this is not the case , what does this anaglyph mean? Did the Mayans invent a rocket? How