Pavlov Classical Conditioning - My Class Sites巴甫洛夫的经典条件反射-我的班级网站.ppt

PAVLOV: CLASSICAL CONDITIONING What is Learning? How can we define learning? Changes in observable behaviour relatively permanent change in behaviour. Doesn’t need to occur immediately following the learning experience Change in behaviour results from experience, or practice Types of Learning Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936) Medical doctor 1899: Conditioned Reflex 1904: Nobel Prize? Studying digestion Dog learned to associate the sight of dish with the taste of food Association of food with other things? Pavlov’s Experiment Minor operations on check Training Food delivered by remote control Salivation recorded Light turned on ?no salivation? meat powder delivered ? dog eats (repeated) Associates light with food Pavlov’s Experiment Conditioned Response (CR) Unconditioned Response (UR) Unconditioned Stimulus (US) Conditioned Response (CR Classical Conditioning Apparatus Before Conditioning CS No response (Light) US UR (food) (salivation) Trial Conditioning CS (light) US UR (food) (salivation) After Conditioning CS CR (Light) (salivation) Acquisition Trial: Paired presentation of the conditioned stimulus (CS) and the unconditioned stimulus (US) Acquisition: refers to the period during which the organism is learning the association between the two stimuli Extinction Repetition of the conditioned stimulus without reinforcement (turning on light without offering meat) Strengthen conditioning Simultaneous Conditioning Delayed Conditioning Trace Conditioning The kids in the neighbourhood where I grew up used to dig tunnels in a neighbour’s