GPS放操作步骤.doc

　论文摘要：本论文主要介绍GPS(RTK)的基本原理、系统组成、技术特点、误差来源和使用方法及操作步骤，并利用GPS(RTK)在工程测量中进行点放样、曲线放样以及在地籍测量中进行界址点测量，对测量结果进行精度分析。通过对放样点和界址点测量结果的精度分析，得出了GPS(RTK)的测量精度是可以达到工程放样和界址点测量的精度要求的结论，并且通过工程实例说明了GPS(RTK)具有工作效率高、定位精度高、全天候作业、数据处理能力强和操作简单易于使用等特点。通过本文的论述我们了解了如何使用GPS(RTK)进行工程放样和界址点测量，并为GPS(RTK)在工程放样和界址点测量的可行性进行了论证，拓展了GPS(RTK)在测量领域的应用范围，增强了使用GPS(RTK)的实际操作能力，为以后承担更多的测量工作奠定了基础。 　　ABSTRACT：The present paper is mainly introduced GPS(RTK) the basic principle, the system composition, the technical characteristic, the error source and the application method and the sequence of operation, and carry on a lofting, the curve lofting as well as using GPS(RTK) in the project survey carry on the boundary point survey in the cadastration, carries on the precision analysis to the measurement result. Through to the lofting and the boundary point precision analysis, has obtained the GPS(RTK) measuring accuracy is may achieve the project lofting and the boundary point survey precision request conclusion, and explained through the project example GPS(RTK) has the working efficiency high, the pointing accuracy high, the all-weather work, data-handling capacity strong and the operation simple easy to use and so on the characteristics. Elaborated us through this article to understand how used GPS(RTK) to carry on the project lofting and the boundary point survey, and was GPS(RTK) has carried on the proof in the project lofting and the boundary point survey feasibility, has developed GPS(RTK) in the survey domain application scope, strengthened has used GPS(RTK) the actual operation ability, will undertake the more surveying work for later to lay the foundation. 　　Key words：GPS(RTK)；Project lofting； Lofting；Curve lofting；Cadastration； Boundary point 　　第1章 绪 论 　　1.1 概述 　　全球定位系统（Global Positioning System）是由美国国防部联合美国海、陆、空三军为满足其军事导航定位而建立的无线电导航定位系统。其系统从1973年开始研究，到1993年完成全部工作卫星组网工作。该系统由24颗卫星组成，卫星分布在相隔60°的6个轨道面上，轨道倾角55°卫星高度20200km，卫星运行周期11h58m，这样在地球上任何地点、任何时间都可以接收至少4颗卫星运行定位。由于GPS具有实时提供三维坐标的能力，因此在民用、商业、科学研究上也得到了广泛应用。它