入门-英语.ppt

皮革英语入门 皮革入门-英语 四川大学生物质与皮革工程系 常见的不同动物的皮革 皮革在生产各个阶段的名称 未加工前 – 脱毛前 生皮 raw hide / raw skin 盐腌皮/盐湿皮 wet salt hide 脱毛后到鞣制前 裸皮 pelt 灰皮 limed pelt 酸皮 pickled pelt 蓝湿皮 wet blue 皮坯 crust 成品皮 finished leather 不同鞣制的皮革 不同涂饰的皮革 皮革各部位名称 Wet End Operations水场 Wet End refers to the process from soaking until ready for drying after retaning, dyeing, fatliquoring etc. Normally including the following steps: Pre soak – flesh – main soak Unhair/lime – lime flesh/split – relime Delime – bate – pickle – tan – condition Sam – split – shaving Wash/Wet Back – rechrome – neutralize – retan – dye – fatliquor – fix Wet End Operations水场 Soaking Soaking is to return the raw stock to as near as possible its original condition and remove dirt, blood, bacteria etc Most of the cases, soaking is carried out in drum or paddle, seldom still in pits Increased temperature and mechanical action increases the rate of rehydration, but more chance to get loose leather The raw hides are loaded in the drum or paddle, normally less running/more stop at the beginning Wet End Operations水场 Soaking Normally chemiclas used are: Wetting agents /Detergents, Neutral Salt (for Sun dried), Bactericide, Alkali salts. Time can take from 4 hours to 2 days depending on the original form of preservation Wet End Operations水场 Unhairing / Liming Unhairing / Liming is to remove hair and the epidermis and break down and open up the fiber structure of the raw stock. Normally for hair burning process, unhairing is carried out first then directly followed by liming in the same bath; for hair saving process, hair roots are loosen by certain chemicals then hair was pulled out by mechanical action, then liming is carried out in new bath. For soft leathers, relime is usually carried out after lime splitting or lime fleshing, Unhairing/Liming/Reliming all run with interval stops Wet End Operations水场 Unhairing / Liming Chemicals used including: Sodium Sulfide and/or Sodium Hydrosulfide Amines or Anti wrinkl