单片机智能车辆车载加速度采集系统设计论文.doc

摘 要 本文简要介绍了系统研制的背景，给出了系统研制的目的和意义。针对智能车辆对数据采集系统的特殊要求，设计了车载加速度采集系统的硬件电路与软件结构，给出了该系统硬件、软件的具体实现方法，给出了关键部分的电路图。 本数据采集系统的硬件系统的主要模块有：数据采集系统的CPU模块、采集系统前向通道、系统的A/D采样模块、系统的通讯传输模块。系统软件结构设计主要包括两部分：串行数据采集/传输程序和与PC机的通讯程序。 本文主要做了以下工作：首先介绍了数据采集系统的软硬件结构及其功能，还有其实现方法，随后详细论述了基于单片机的车载加速度数据采集系统，分别介绍了单片机选型、加速度传感器的简要工作原理及采集电路的连接、AD7706的工作原理及其连接电路、与上位机的串行USB接口电路、系统软件的结构设计及系统抗干扰技术中的硬件看门狗技术，最后完成了基于单片机的3通道加速度采集系统的系统硬件总电路及软件结构设计，形成了一个完整的加速度信号采集系统，它能较好地满足车载加速度采集的需要。 　　 关键词：数据采集　ICP型加速度传感器　串行A/D转换器　单片机　通信　看门狗 The Design of MCU-based intelligent vehicles Acceleration Acquisition System Abstract This paper describes the background of system development, given the purpose and meaning of the system development. For intelligent vehicle data acquisition system, special requirements, design the vehicle acceleration acquisition system hardware and software architecture, gives the system hardware, software, specific methods, then the circuit of key part. The data acquisition hardware systems main modules are: data acquisition system CPU module, the forward channel acquisition system (sensor sampling and signal conditioning circuit), the systems A/D sampling module, the system of communication transmission module. System software design includes two parts: a serial data acquisition/transfer procedures and the PC-communication program. In this paper, I did the following work: Firstly, discussed the data acquisition system’s hardware and software structure and function, as well as its realization, and then discussed the vehicle acceleration based on single chip data acquisition system in detail, introduced the MCU selection, acceleration sensor Summary principle and acquisition circuit connections, AD7706 works and its connection circuit, and the communication with host computer by a serial USB interface circuit, system software design and system structure of anti-jamming technology hardware watchdog technology. Last, completed MCU-based Acquisition System 3-channel acceleration hardware circuit and softwa