SAT专项练习分词语病.docVIP

SAT专项练习分词语病 SAT考试中Error Correction以及Sentence Improvement部分出现的分词悬垂结构----从looking up at the sky, the moon shone bright and clear之误，看分词等的悬垂结构 分词短语相当于定语从句，其逻辑主语就是句子主句的主语。 例如：Looking up at the sky, she saw the moon shine bright and clear. 此句主语： she,因此Looking up at the sky= As she looked up at the sky,可以说这个分词短语的逻辑主语是主句主语she。如果一个分词短语不是句子主语，这个结构就是悬垂结构（独立结构及generally speaking等除外）。例如： Looking up at the sky, the moon shone bright and clear。 显然，从句的主语the moon 不可能是分词短语Looking up at the sky 的逻辑主语，故该分词短衣也就悬垂无依附了。 再举一个SAT真题中的例子： Not filling out the forms carefully, there was a two-week delay in processing his paycheck.(0910,Section 6 Q4) (A)Not filling out the forms carefully (B)The forms, not filled out carefully (C)Not carefully filling out the forms, (D)Because he had not filled out the forms carefully (E)By him not being careful while filing out he forms 同理，filling的逻辑主语应该是he，可是在主句中的主语是a two-week delay，显然不能发出fill的动作，因此构成了not filling out…这个结构没有依附的悬垂在主句的前面。 悬垂结构是应该避免的错句，归纳起来SAT考试中一共有下面几类悬垂的病句。 悬垂致病的分词结构。 Walking along the lake, the country scenery presented a lovely show. Sitting at the window, a flock of birds flew across the sky. 上两句中，walking 和sitting 的逻辑主语是人，而主句的主语都是物（the country scenery 和a flock of birds） 可以用如下两种方法改正： 把分词短语扩展成状语从句，主句结构不变。例如： As we walked along the lake, the country scenery presented a lovely show. As the cowboy sat at the window, a flock of birds flew across the sky. 上述SAT考题中的(D）选项采用的改正方法正式分词变成状语从句的形式。因此正确的答案是（D） 保留分词短语，改变主句的主语，使之能成为分词短语的逻辑主语，并做其他相应变化。 Walking along the lake, we saw a lovely show presented by the country scenery. Sitting at the window, the cowboy saw a flock of birds flying across the sky. 再举一个同年同月同一个section的 SAT考试sentence improvement的例子： Frustrated with the lack of fashionable clothing at decent prices in most retail stores, a new discount store was opened on Main Street by a local clothing designer. stores, a new discount store was opened on Main S