化工大学本科方案设计书初始部分.docVIP

0121 摘要 在生产十万吨PVC产品的烧碱工段中要采取相关的方法对氯气进行处理。此次设计的主要目的是掌握烧碱脱氯的原理，设计脱氯设备的计算。在水银法和离子膜法烧碱生产过程中，自由解槽阳极室流出的淡盐水中溶解有少量的氯气[1]。氯气是一种具有异臭和强烈刺激性气味的黄绿色气体，毒性很大。这部分氯气若不除去将在淡盐水的输送和再利用过程中产生很多的问题，如腐蚀管路和设备，影响盐水的精制和沉降，腐蚀碳素烧结管，使蟹合树脂中毒，污染和恶化生产操作环境等[2]。因此，淡盐水在重饱和前必须进行脱氯处理。 本次设计的主要设备有冷却器、干燥塔、除沫器等，是为了提高自己的理论联系实际的能力，分析问题的能力，让自己在实践运用中巩固所学知识。本设计从初步设计的角度对年产10万吨PVC化工厂进行了全面设计，设计结果达到了设计课题的基本要求，完成了PVC的生产工厂的初步设计，进行了可行性论证，完成了物料、热量、设备等的相关计算。 关键词：PVC；烧碱；氯气；工艺设计；工艺计算  Abstract Abstract in the production of one hundred thousand tons of caustic soda, PVC products to take the relevant section in the method to remove chlorine. The main purpose of this design is to master the principles of caustic soda dechlorinated, dechlorination equipment design calculations. In mercury and ion-exchange membrane caustic soda production process, the free solution tank of salt water out of the anode chamber with a small amount of dissolved chlorine. Chlorine is a strong pungent odor with smell and yellow-green gas, very toxic. If this part of the chlorine in salt water to remove the transmission and re-use process produces a lot of problems, such as corrosion of piping and equipment, the impact of refined salt and subsidence, erosion carbon sintered tube, the crab combined resin poisoning, pollution and deterioration of the production operations environment. Therefore, in light salt water must be dechlorinated before re-saturation process. The design of the main equipment coolers, drying tower, demister, etc., in order to improve their ability to integrate theory with practice, the ability to analyze problems,make their use in practice to consolidate the knowledge. The design from the perspective of the preliminary design of chemical plants produce 100,000 tons of PVC a comprehensive design, the design results to the design issues of the basic requirements ,completion of a PVC production plant preliminary design, feasibility study carried out to complete the material , heat, equipment and other related calculations. Key