父母教养方式及青少年抑郁症关系.docVIP

父母教养方式及青少年抑郁症关系 　 作者：伏炜，马现仓，高成阁 【摘要】 目的 探讨父母教养方式在抑郁症发病中的作用，为抑郁症的预防提供科学依据。方法 选取符合中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第3版(CCMD3)抑郁发作诊断标准，且HAMD17项测评总分≥18分，年龄lt;35岁的门诊患者作为病例组，共73人；选取与之匹配的81例健康人作为对照组。采用父母教养方式评价量表(EMBU)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)作为测量工具进行测评。结果 ①男性在父亲因子FF2(惩罚、严厉)和FF5(拒绝、否认)和母亲因子MF1(情感温暖)、MF2(过分干涉、过分保护)存在显著性差异；②女性在父亲因子FF1(情感温暖)、因子FF2(惩罚、严厉)和因子FF5(拒绝、否认)，母亲的MF1(情感温暖)因子和MF3(拒绝、否认)存在显著性差异。结论 早期父母教养方式对子女抑郁症发病起重要作用。 【关键词】 抑郁症；父母教养方式；汉密尔顿抑郁量表 　　A controlled study on parental rearing behavior　and depressive disorder in adolescents 　　ABSTRACT: Objective To explore the relationship between parental rearing behavior and the depressive disorders in adolescents, and to provide objective basis for the prevention and treatment of the depressive disorders. Methods A total of 73 depressed patients were chosen as the disease group, with a control group of 81 healthy persons of similar age, sex, education level and civil status. The depressed patient must meet depressive episode unipolar criteria and HAMD scores were more than 18. Results In males, the scores of father penalty and rejection factors and mother emotional warmth, and overprotection and overinvolvement factors were significantly different from those in the control normal group. In females, the scores of father emotional warmth and penalty and rejection factors and mother emotional warmth and rejection factors were significantly different from those in the control normal group. Conclusion Parental rearing behavior plays an important role in the etiology of depression in adolescents. 　　KEY WORDS: depression; parental rearing styles; hamilton depression scale 　　抑郁症是一种发病率高、危害公众健康、引起严重的功能损害以及巨大的社会负担的疾病 [13]。国外流行病学资料显示，世界平均每年约有11.3%的人患抑郁症[4]。目前，抑郁症的病因仍不清楚，针对青少年抑郁症的发病率逐年增高的现象，有学者提出抑郁症的发生和早年父母教养方式有关。国内外普遍的观点认为父母低温暖、低情感、低理解与高惩罚、过分严厉等不良教养方式与抑郁症发生关系密切。而“过度偏爱、过度保护、过度干涉”的教养方式与抑郁症的关系，国内外学者观点不一致。本文通过抑郁症患者的早期父母教养方式与发病间的关系研究，探讨父母教养方式在抑郁症发病中的作用，为抑郁症的预防提供科学依据。 　　1 对象与方法 　　1.1 研究对象 选取符合中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第3版(CCMD3)有关抑郁发作诊断标准且汉密顿抑郁量表(Hamilton depression scale, HAMD)中