厦门潮间带春季鸟类群落的生态分析-Core.PDF

生态学杂志　1999, 18(4)∶36-39 Chinese Journal of Ecology 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 厦门潮间带春季鸟类群落的生态分析 陈小麟　宋晓军 (厦门大学生物学系, 361005) Ecological Analysis of Bird Communites in Xiamen(Amoy)Intertidal Zone during Spring.Chen Xi- aolin, Song Xiaojun(Department of Biology, X iamen University, X iamen 361005).Chinese Jour- nal of Ecology, 1999, 18(4):36-39. Sampling investigation in Xiamen intertidal zone during spring indicated that w aders w ere the main components of intertidal avian communities and 44.4% of the components of intertidal avian com- munities were composed y shore irds (charadriiformes).Among populations, Tringa totanus, Charadrius dubius, Charadrius leschenaultii, Egratta garzetta and Hirundo rustica w ere more common than other species.The structure of ird communities in each sampling area was analyzed, and the similarity etw een communities was studied y using cluster analysis method.The results demonstrated that the avian communities in Xiamen intertidal zone might e classified into three types and the community similarity was related to the intertidal ase.Also, the influential factors of community diversity and the economic significance of the irds in Xiamen intertidal zone were dis- cussed. Key words:avian community, w ader ecology, intertidal zone. 　　厦门岛位于台湾海峡西部, 北纬24° 干扰较少的潮间带样区四个:鼓浪屿、寨 20′,东经 118°4′左右,属典型亚热带海洋性 上、田头、前埔;并在相邻大陆上的同安湾 季风气候,年平均气温20.8 ℃, 年降雨量约 选择潮间带样区一个:后埯(图1)。 1100mm。厦门岛三面隔海与大陆相邻,一 　　厦门潮间带均为无植被覆盖的裸露 面潮向外海;潮汐是规则的半日潮, 同时具 地,各样区的生境概况如下: 有日潮不等的特征,潮间带每日两次暴露于 后埯:位于集美东北部的同安湾;高潮 [5] 空气中 。厦门鸟类区系及生态分布情况, 带和部分中潮带被围垦成对虾养殖池,剩 [2,7] 曾有几位国外学者做过零星考察 ,但未 佘潮间带长度约200m, 深泥质基底,其中 有系统专门报道。关于潮间带鸟类群落研 部分已辟为贝类养殖场。 究的国内报道也尚不多见,仅有陆健健等对 鼓浪屿:样区分别位于大德记和旅游 [4]