基于OpenADR的需求响应项目综述(最终版).pdf

摘 要 随着世界经济的高速增长，化石能源的消耗速度大大加快，电力供需不平衡 的现象频繁出现，同时环境污染问题也越来越严重。为解决这些问题，需求响应 应运而生。需求响应作为平衡供需、消纳新能源、促进节能减排的新型手段，得 到了各个国家的普遍重视。美国率先提出了开放式自动需求响应(OpenADR)，这 种通信规约因其开放、自动的显著特点而得到了国内外的广泛认可和实践。自动 需求响应已发展了多年，有必要对其研究成果、项目实践及发展前景进行深入的 分析与总结。 本文在学习OpenADR 通信协议的基础上，先对自动需求响应的概念、特点、 业务、通信架构和应用场景做了介绍。随后对应用最广泛的两类基于价格的需求 响应进行了分析，讨论了它们的基本原理和实施机制、并结合国内外已开展的项 目，对其效果做了总结，同时给出了自己的建议。最后以家庭用户参与自动需求 响应为例，介绍了自动需求响应所需的基础设施、管理平台与信息传输体系。 关键词：自动需求响应，分时电价，尖峰电价，通信架构 I ABSTRACT With the rapid growth of the world economy, the consumption rate of fossil energy is accelerating dramatically, and the phenomenon of imbalance between power supply and demand appears frequently. At the same time, the problem of environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious. To tackle these problems, people proposed the conception of demand response. As a novel way to match supply and demand, consume renewable energy and promote energy saving and emission reduction, demand response has received widespread attention from all countries . The United States was the first to put forward the open automated demand response (OpenADR), which has been widely recognized and practiced in the world. OpenADR has been developed for many years, so it is necessary to analyze and summarize its results of the research, implementation of the project and prospects for development in depth. In this paper, the characteristics, services, communication systems and application scenarios of automated demand response (ADR) are introduced based on OpenADR communication protocol. Then we analyze two types of price based demand response