浙江金华不同城市绿地大型土壤动物群落结构及多样性.pdfVIP

生物多样性 2005, 13 (3): 197–203 doi: 10.1360/biodiv.040189 Biodiversity Science http: // 浙江金华不同城市绿地大型土壤动物群落 结构与多样性 葛宝明 程宏毅 郑 祥 孔军苗 鲍毅新* (浙江师范大学生态研究所 金华 321004) 摘要: 2004年10－11月对金华市市区8种城市绿地生境中的大型土壤动物群落进行了调查, 共获得大型土壤动物 1231只, 隶属3 门8纲20 目。其中优势类群为近孔寡毛目、膜翅目、双尾目和蜘蛛目, 常见类群为正蚓目、等足目、 柄眼目、鞘翅目、鳞翅目、双翅目和同翅目, 其余类群为稀有类群。不同城市绿地生境中的土壤动物的类群组成 以及个体数不同。在土壤动物研究中, 群落复杂性指数(C) 比Shannon-Wiener指数(H ′)更能体现群落的复杂性与多 样性, 且能修正不同类群个体数对多样性的影响。大型土壤动物显示了明显的表聚现象, 垂直分布有明显差异, 类群数和个体数随深度增加而减少。群落聚类以及排序的结果显示, 8种城市绿地生境中的大型土壤动物群落可以 分为6大类: 草坪类、草地类、新植草坪类、无草本层的人工林类、有草本层的人工林类和灌木林类。 关键词: 大型土壤动物, 群落复杂性指数, 系统聚类, 非度量多维标度排序 Community structure and diversity of soil macrofauna from different urban greenbelts in Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province Baoming Ge, Hongyi Cheng, Xiang Zheng, Junmiao Kong, Yixin Bao* Institute of Ecology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China Abstract: From October to November, 2004, we investigated eight soil macrofauna communities from urban greenbelts at Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province. We found a total of 1231 soil macrofauna individuals, belong- ing to 20 orders, 8 classes, and 3 phyla. The dominant orders were Plesiopora, Hymenoptera, Diplura, and Araneida, while the frequent orders were Lumbricida, Isopoda, Stylommatophora, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera, and Homoptera, and others were rare orders. The compositions and the quantities of soil macrofauna communities differed in different habitats. We found that the complexity index of community (C) was better than the Shannon-Wiener in