大学英语跨文化交际chapter4 Intercultural Communication Barriers.ppt

大学英语跨文化交际 Chapter 4 Intercultural Communication Barriers Questions for Chapter 3 Do you think psychological elements can influence our sensation and perception? Why or why not? How can you increase your understanding of the perception process? What do you think contributes to the development of the tendencies that cause us to perceive people inaccurately? Sharing Your Experience: Have you encountered the following barriers to accurate perception in intercultural communication? (1) Ignoring Details (2) Over-generalizing (3) Holding on to Preconceptions and Stereotypes (4) Imposing Consistency (5) Preconnecting Causes and Effects (6) Preferring Simple Explanations (7) Ignoring Circumstances (8) Crediting Irrelevant Information (9) Focusing on the Negative (10) Seeing Good or Bad Lead-in Case: Chinese Hospitality — Overdone Read the case and consider the questions in the right column. How do you comment on the behaviors of Hong and Joe respectively? If you were Joe, how would you respond to such situations? What suggestions would you like to give Hong on hosting a friend from another culture? Text A: Emotional Problems as Barriers to Intercultural Communication Anxiety and uncertainty Assuming similarity instead of difference 1. Anxiety and Uncertainty Anxiety refers to the feeling of not knowing what one is expected to do, and focusing on that feeling and not being totally present in the communication transaction. Feeling nervous, being afraid of failure in communication Consequences: ---Focusing on one’s own feelings and not paying attention to the speaker ---Being unable to express oneself 不确定性降低理论(uncertainty reduction theory)这个理论认为在人际交往中，个体将不断寻求信息以减少不确定性，而且以近似量的信息，同等程度的亲密来交换。也就是说，人们希望减少人际间的不确定，而表露自己的信息，寻求他人的信息，进行社会交换，然后将得到的信息加以处理，形成人际知识，若能得到他人的肯定与认同，将有助于社会生活的顺利进行。 People engage in passive, active, and interactive strategies to reduce uncertainty with others. For example, one could observe a stranger from afar (passive), one could solicit informati