抗生素的分类（Classification of antibiotics）.doc

抗生素的分类（Classification of antibiotics） Antibiotics can be divided into the following categories: 1., this kind of antibiotic has poor absorption, rapid excretion, no residue, little toxicity, difficult to produce resistance, and it is difficult to cross antibiotic with antibiotics. This class of antibiotics mainly belong to bacitracin, colistin, Virginia, kanamycin, thiomycin, enduracidin, enduracidin and avoparcin etc.. 2. tetracyclines tetracyclines refers to tetracycline, oxytetracycline and chlortetracycline and other antibiotics are produced by Streptomyces fermentation. Tetracycline antibiotics as broad-spectrum antibiotics, bacterial diarrhea of livestock and poultry and livestock diseases of the respiratory system is very effective, continuous administration of low concentration can promote the growth and good effect, but also promote the production and increase the amount of lactation. But because of the human animal tetracycline antibiotics common antibiotics, drug resistance. Europe has banned the antibiotics as growth promoting antibiotics application, the United States and Japan are still in use of oxytetracycline and chlortetracycline quaternary ammonium salts, China still use a lot of oxytetracycline calcium salt. The 3. macrolide class of antibiotics is a generic name of an antibiotic with macrolide rings produced by actinomycetes or small spores, and is alkaline because of the presence of amino sugars. These antibiotics inhibit gram positive bacteria, some gram negative bacteria, penicillin resistant staphylococci and mycoplasma. The biological activities of different products are very different, for example, sixteen macrolides antibiotics have the strongest biological activity and have the anti drug activity to a variety of drug-resistant bacteria. This class of antibiotics mainly from the intestinal absorption, can produce cross resistance, mainly including tylosin, kitasamycin and erythromycin, spiramycin. 4., phosphorus, polysaccharides, such ant