抗癫痫药（Antiepileptic）.doc

抗癫痫药（Antiepileptic） Antiepileptic Antiepileptic drugs are of particular importance in the treatment of epilepsy. To eliminate or reduce seizure by two ways of anti epileptic drugs, one is the effect of central neurons, to prevent or reduce the discharge of their pathological transition; the second is to increase the excitation threshold of normal brain tissue, decreased the proliferation of excitement lesions, prevent recurrence of epilepsy. The 60s synthesis of AEDs such as: phenytoin, C Masi Bing, ethosuximide, sodium valproate and so on is called the old antiepileptic drug, phenobarbital, phenytoin, among them C Masi Bing, valproate is an effective first-line antiepileptic drugs. Epilepsy is a common chronic convulsive disease. During the attack, a high frequency discharge of abnormal brain lesions, and spread to the surrounding normal brain tissue, brain cells caused widespread excitement, resulting in specific symptoms and accompanied by convulsions, movement, feeling, consciousness, behavior, autonomic nerve dysfunction. Can be divided into four categories: 1, grand mal (Yang Xianfeng): sudden loss of consciousness, screamed, and fell to the ground, convulsions (eclampsia), foaming at the mouth, mydriasis, pale to bruising, due to respiratory muscle spasm caused by apnea. 1~3 minutes after the cessation of convulsions, consciousness restored or transferred to sleep, wake up 1~2 hours later. If a large attack occurs continuously, the patient continues to coma, known as the status epilepticus, the risk is very large, must be quickly controlled. 2, small attack: (1) absence small attack: mainly manifested as a brief loss of consciousness, suddenly stopped activities, staring eyes epilepsy patients In the hands of objects landing, but no convulsions, continued for a few seconds after the rapid recovery of normalcy, a day can occur dozens of times, more common in children. (2) myoclonic petit mal: bilateral muscle myoclonus characterized by short (1~2 seconds), oft