无精症如何检查（How can azoospermia be examined）.doc

无精症如何检查（How can azoospermia be examined） How can azoospermia be examined? Azoospermia accounts for about 15% - 20% of male infertility, with various causes, and is divided into two broad categories. One is testicular dysfunction, which is called primary azoospermia or non obstructive azoospermia. Two is the spermatogenic function is normal, but because of the vas deferens obstruction, sperm can not be excreted, known as obstructive azoospermia. Azoospermia, how to check, can be examined from the following aspects 1, semen examination The result of the semen test is the basis for the diagnosis of azoospermia. Semen samples were collected 2 times after abstinence from 2-3d. Seminal fluid quantity also has important meaning, in clinical examination, seminal fluid is less the main reason is seminal collection is incomplete, accordingly, routine asks to collect 2 specimens. 2 endocrine examination For azoospermia, first of all should be serum FSH and T examination, if the two values are normal, there is no need for further endocrine examination. If the value of T is below normal, then LH and prolactin should be examined. At present, some scholars believe that inhibin B is produced by Sertoli cells and more directly reflects testicular spermatogenesis than FSH. Therefore, inhibin B should be a routine test for male infertility patients. 3. Genetic examination With the rapid development of molecular biology techniques, using Y chromosome specific sequence tagged sites (STS) primers for PCR amplification can be detected under light microscope to distinguish the microdeletions of the Y chromosome, many studies have found that non obstructive azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia, Y chromosome AZF microdeletions, confirmed AZF gene deletion area is a cause of spermatogenesis disorder. 4 testicular biopsy There are two main methods of testicular biopsy: Scrotal biopsy and needle biopsy. The two have different advantages and disadvantages, scrotal incision biopsy with greater d