用相对源观对解析惯性力和等效原理-国家科技图书文献中心.doc

相对宇测对与惯性力 汤克云 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 清华大学天体物理中心 kytang@bao.ac.cn 摘要 迄今为止的物理学认为，惯性系是经典物理学的基础，牛顿力学和麦克斯韦电磁学规律仅在惯性系中成立。 首先，本文证明了牛顿力学定律和麦克斯韦电磁学规律对一切参考系都成立，包括转动参考系，并不限于惯性系； 第二，本文着重指出，物理源与观测者之间的物理规律由源--观对之间的相对位置、相对速度和相对加速度完全确定，参考系只是表述物理规律的辅助工具，可任意选择，选择不同参考系不会影响物理规律；第三，本文根据推迟引力公式和牛顿第三定律证明了：惯性质量应等于引力质量；第四，本文发现，惯性力的的本质是全宇宙对测试质量加速运动的反作用力，也是一种真实的作用力。具体来说，当相对宇-测对处于平衡状态，全宇宙作用于测试质量的作用力互相平衡，总矢量和为零；如果测试质量沿某方向对宇宙作加速运动，测试质量将有此方向的作用力作用于宇宙；同时，宇宙将对测试质量施以反方向的反作用力，这就是惯性力的起源。 所以，惯性力场的强度和方向由测试物体相对于宇宙的加速度的强度和方向完全决定，与引力场没有必然的联系，等效原理不成立。 关键词：牛顿力学，麦克斯韦电磁学，惯性系，惯性质量，相对源观对，相对平衡宇测对，全宇引力，反作用力，惯性力,等效原理 On relative pair between the universe and test mass and inertial force Keyun TangInstitute of geology and geophysics, CASCenter for Astrophysics, Tsinghua University Abstract Firstly, this paper has proved that Newtons laws of mechanics are valid for all reference frames, including rotating frame, it is not limited to inertial frames. Secondly, this paper points out that physical law between the source and the observer is completely determined by the relative position，relative velocity and relative acceleration between the physical source and the observer, and the reference frame is just an auxiliary tool to describe the physical law, the frame can be arbitrarily chosen, the choice on reference frame will not affect the physical laws. Thirdly, based the retarded gravitation and Newton’s third law, I have proved that the gravitational mass should equal to the inertial mass. Fourthly, I have found that the essence of inertial force is the reacting force of whole universe to the acceleration of test mass; specifically, when the relative pair between the universe and test mass is in equilibrium, all forces acting on the test mass along all directions from the whole universe are balanced, the vector sum of all the forces is zero, if the test mass is accelerated to the universe along a direction, it means that the test mass will impact the universe along this direction，meanwhile the universe will react to the tes