毕业论文加综述完整版.pdf

河北医科大学 本科生毕业论文 儿童食物过敏及家长知-信-行现况调查 学 院： 公共卫生学院 专 业： 2011级预防医学 学生姓名： 张一丹 实习单位： 北京军区疾病控制中心 指导教师： 于瑞敏 职称： 副研究员 研究起止日期： 2016年 月-6月 交稿日期：2016年6月 目 录 中文摘要·····························································································1 英文摘要·····························································································2 研究论文 儿童食物过敏及家长知-信-行现况调查 前言·····························································································3 对象与方法····················································································4 结果·····························································································4 讨论····························································································10 结论····························································································12 参考文献······················································································12 综述 食物过敏···················································································15 致谢··································································································23 中 文 摘 要 儿童食物过敏及家长知-信-行现况调查 摘 要 目的 了解北京市某幼儿园儿童食物过敏现状及家长对食物过敏疾病的 “知-信- 行”，为食物过敏性疾病的防治与健康教育提供科学依据。方法 采用自编问卷，随机 整群调查2所北京市幼儿园439名儿童，由儿童家长根据孩子情况如实填写。结果 共 收到有效问卷429份。食物过敏报告率为25.17%，经医生确诊的人数占自述过敏人数 的33.33%，主要过敏原为海鲜类和水果，症状特征以皮肤损伤和呼吸系统疾病为主， 所有家长都知道食物可引起过敏，但对引起过敏的食物及过敏症状知晓率分别为 91.14%、90.91%，食物过敏的遗传倾向及其防治方法知晓率偏低，均为61.54%，通 过食品标签查看过敏原的知晓率仅为39.63%。仍有6.06%家长未认识到食物过敏给儿 童带来的影响，有2.56%的家长不愿通过食品标签查看过敏原。结论 调查对象食物过 敏报告率较高，家长对食物过敏的风险认知、防治方法仍存在欠缺。因此，应有针对 性地开展相关健康教育，增强家长对食物过敏疾病的认知，降低食物过敏疾病对儿童 生长发育造成的不良影响。 关键词：食物过敏；知-信-行；过敏症状；幼