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第9章细胞周期及调控
第九章
细胞周期与调控
The cultured rat kidney cell in metaphase
Blue: condensed chromosomes; red: microtubules of the spindle apparatus;
1
green: the inner nuclear envelope protein POM121
The cell cycle
The cell-cycle control system
The mechanics of cell division
2
1、The cell cycle
The cell cycle entails an ordered series of macromolecular events
that lead to cell division and the production of two daughter cells
each containing chromosomes identical to those of the parental cell.
The eukaryotic cell cycle is divided into four phases:
Interphase (间期)
• Gap 1 phase (G 期): the period between mitosis
1
and the initiation of nuclear DNA replication
• DNA synthetic phase (S期, DNA合成期): the period
of nuclear DNA replication
• Gap 2 phase (G2 期): the period between the
completion of nuclear DNA replication and mitosis
Mitosis phase (M期, 有丝分裂期)
• Mitosis
• Cytokinesis
Cycling cell （周期中细胞）
3
Quiescent cell （静止期细胞，G0 phase）
Stages of mitosis in an animal cell
Prophase(前期), Prometaphase(前中期), Metaphase( 中期),
Anaphase(后期), Telophase(末期); Cytokinisis(细胞质分裂期)
4
The phases
of Mitosis in
a plant cell
5
Meiosis
6
Variations in
generation time
for cells of
different tissues
• Cells, such as nerve cells,
muscle cells, or red blood cells,
that are highly specialized and
lack the ability to divide
• Cells that normally do not
divide
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