肾脏干细胞.张志平.10-11-2011.pdf

肾脏与肾脏干细胞 张志平 2011年10月11号 人体的每个肾含有约120万个肾单位(nephron) 肾单位是肾脏结构与功能的基本单位 Human or mammalian kidneys develop from two sources The mutual induction of The metanephric mesoderm The ureteric bud Nephron The collecting tubules 人类肾脏干细胞  肾脏是由几种不同类型细胞组 成的复杂器官,许多肾脏疾病的 发展有不可逆的特性。  随着对干细胞研究的不断深入 和研究技术的不断提高, 对肾 脏干细胞的研究取得了一系列 的成果:  ①证实未诱导的后肾间叶细胞 可能为胚胎肾干细胞(renal embryonic stem cells);  ②成体肾脏祖细胞(renal progenitor cell)被成功分离和 鉴定;  ③肾脏干细胞的壁龛(niche) ： 肾乳头，也被明确定位;  ④对肾小管损伤后修复的机制 和参与因素有了全新认识。 Drosophila excretory system is composed two parts: filtration nephrocytes Malpighian (renal) tubules. PN = Pericardial nephrocytes GN = Garland nephrocytes MpT = Malpighian (renal) tubules Garland nephrocytes The ‘posterior late secondary head mesoderm’ (lSHMp) gives rise to garland nephrocytes and embryonic larval blood cells.  Pericardial nephrocytes are derived from the dorsal-most, cardiac Pericardial nephrocytes mesoderm that also gives rises to the heart and lymph gland (the source of adult blood cells or haemocytes) .  By the end of embryogenesis a heterogeneous population of 120