埃尔夫润滑油专用课件.ppt

埃尔夫润滑油 润滑油的基础知识 润滑油系统 润滑油的来源 润滑油 – 生产 润滑油 – 类型 润滑油 – 类型 润滑油 – 类型 润滑油 – 类型 润滑油 – 类型 润滑油 – 类型 润滑油 – 组成 润滑油 现代润滑油的基本功能 粘度 运动粘度 新型发动机油是如何发展的… Diapositive n° 36 THE ORIGINS OF A LUBRICANT Ask the question to the trainees : What are the origins of a lubricant ? Write the answers on the paper-bord Vegetable and animal oils are not currently used for vehicle engines. Mineral oils are derived from crude oil. The word petrol comes from an ancient Greek word, Petraolium (rock oil). Synthetic oils are manufactured in chemical laboratories. PowerPoint Presentation 刚刚我们介绍了润滑油产生最早的目的是为了减少摩擦，那么大家可以猜想一下，人类最早应用的润滑油又来源于那里呢？ Diapositive n° 37 Explain the crude oil refining process Production Mineral oil is produced by the refining of crude oil. Crude oil goes into an oven at 380°C in a vacuum, to stop it burning. No oxygen and so no combustion. The crude oil is broken down in several products depending on their densities. The lightest products (gases) are at the top. The heaviest products (the residues) are at the bottom. These residues are used for the production of mineral base oils of various viscosities. The residues are subjected to complex and expensive operations such as: Dewaxing Desasphalting Hydro-finishing. PowerPoint Presentation ? Diapositive n° 38 The advantages of mineral oils Price: There is an over-production of mineral oils. They match the requirements of the carmakers. The disadvantages Volatility: The oil evaporates with heat Consumption Limited resistance to temperatures. The oil cannot adequately withstand the high temperatures in modern engines. Engines have evolved over time. In the past, engines were low powered. We now have very powerful engines, Turbo, Multivalve, etc. The compression rate in engines is constantly increasing. PowerPoint Presentation Diapositive n° 41 Synthetic base oils (laboratory) Give the advantages Disadvantages The price: