复旦大学生理学学习资料PPT-1.ppt

* * Physiology Da-Nian Zhu Chapter 1 § 1. Physiology its research field ? Definition of physiology ? The task of physiological research * How * Why * Influence of environment * Adaptation and regulation INTRODUCTION ? Relationship between medicine physiology * Physiology is one of basic medical sciences ? Three levels of physiological research * Cellular molecular level * Organic systemic level * Integrative level ? Methods of physiological research * Acute and chronic animal experiment * in vitro in vivo experiment * molecular biological experiment § 2. Internal environment of the body ? Body fluid (60% of body weight) * Intracellular fluid (40%) * Extracellular fluid (20%) Plasma (5%) Interstitial fluid (15%) Lymph (1%) Cerebrospinal fluid (1%) Aqueous humor (1%) etc. Distribution transfusion of body fluid ? Concept of internal environment (’1870) By Claude Bernard (1813-1878) milieu interne [`mi:lj?: `int?:n] [French] ? Concept of homeostasis (’1920) By W. B. Cannon (1871-1945) ? Importance of maintaining the homeostasis * Enough nutritional substances O2 * Low level of metabolic products CO2 * Water, electrolyte, acid-base balance * Temperature, osmotic pressure, etc. ? Homeostasis is a dynamic equilibrium ? Regulation of homeostasis * Involve all systems, especially the lung kidney § 3. Regulation of physiological function ? Nervous regulation * Definition the characteristics * Reflex reflex arc ? Humoral regulation * Definition the characteristics * Hormone its secretory forms Telecrine, paracrine, neurosecretion, etc. ? Autoregulation * Definition the characteristics Reflex reflex arc § 4. Automatic control system in the body