2016考研英语阅读题源经济学人文章提升公务员工作动力.docVIP

2016考研英语阅读题源经济学人文章：提升公务员工作动力 感谢凯程考研李老师对本文做出的重要贡献 考研，对一个人来说，这个过程就是一个锻炼。准备考研这个过程是非常艰难和乏味的。如果坚持下来，会使你变得更坚强。至于考上研，你的父母，亲戚朋友，都会对你刮目相看的。念上研以后，对自己的动手能力，实践能力，交际能力，创新能力，等等，都有提高。现凯程教育为考研考生们带来重要信息。 　每年考研英语阅读篇章很多都取材于经济学人，因此2016年考研复习之初，一定要从基础打好，稳扎稳打。下面分享《经济学人》文章，希望大家能够多看、多练，提升阅读能力! 　　2016考研英语阅读题源经济学人文章：提升公务员工作动力 　　Reforming Leviathan 　　处于改革浪潮中的庞大机构 　　Mandarin lessons 　　政府官员的经验之谈 　　Governments need to rethink how they reward andmotivate civil servants 　　政府需要重新思考如何去奖励和提升公务员的工作动力。 　　THE French call them hauts fonctionnaires, theGermans Beamte im h?heren Dienst and the British, somewhat more economically, know themas “mandarins”. The senior echelons of civil services are a powerful arm of the state. Theyimplement the reforms dreamed up by politicians, and design public services ranging fromwelfare systems to prisons. Compared with private-sector bosses, the bureaucrats who managethe public sector tend to be less well paid but have more cushioned lives, with more securejobs and far less pressure to improve productivity. Now the mandarins face change. 　　法语中称呼他们为官方人员，德语叫做高级公务员，英国则各位简短称呼公务员为政界要员。公务员的高层人员是国家的一个强大的臂膀。他们实现政客对于改革的设想，并构思计划公共服务，涵盖面从福利制度到监狱。与私营部门的老板相比，负责管理公共部门的官员往往不太高薪，但拥有更多的缓冲生活，更安全的工作，对于提高工作效率方面，其承受的压力远不如私营老板。现在的政府高级官员们面临着改变。 　　There has long been taxpayer fury when big projects go awry. Berlins new airport is threeyears overdue and predicted to cost 6 billion (8.1 billion), three times the original estimate.But voters, and thus politicians, are especially intolerant of civil-service inefficiency nowadays.One prompt is austerity. Another is technology, which is changing not only how public servicesare delivered—think of “massively open online courses” in education—but also the way they canbe measured. Social networks enable users to grumble about hospital waiting-times andmathematics results. Perhaps the biggest pressure is the passing of time: private-sectorworkers are incredulous as to why civil servants should escape the creative destruction thathas changed other offices