2018年考研英语佳句汉译英整理.docVIP

2018年考研英语佳句汉译英整理 　01. 有他这颗扫帚星，什么事情都办不成。 　　[误] With a comet like him, nothing can be accomplished. 　　[正] With a jinx like him, nothing can be accomplished. 　　注：“扫帚星”是中国人对“慧星”(comet)的俗称，因其后面象拖着的一条像扫帚一样的长尾巴而得名。在中国古代，“扫帚星”被认为是灾难的预兆，并被用来比喻不吉利的人或事;祸根：(person or thing that is thought to bring)bad luck(to sb/sth);curse。英语的 comet 虽然没有这层含义，但却有一个对应的说法，即 jinx。 例：Theres a jinx on/Someones put a jinx on this car: its always giving me trouble. “这辆汽车上有什么妨人的东西，总给我找麻烦”。 　　02. 萝卜青菜，各有所爱。 　　[误] Some prefer radish but others prefer cabbage. 　　[正] Tastes differ. 　　注：Tastes differ/vary 是句英语谚语，除此以外，原句还可翻译成 No dish suits all tastes 或 You can never make everyone happy 等。 总之，应采取意译。 　　03.他一向嘴硬，从不认错。 　　[误] He has always got a hard mouth and never admit a fault. 　　[正] He never says uncle. 　　注：say (cry) uncle: to give up or in; to surrender; to admit defeat. Mainly used by boys, as when fighting。主要是男孩们打架时的用语，当一方想制服另一方时，就用命令的口气说：“Say uncle!”这时，有的孩子为了表示不服输，就是不说。后来，say uncle 就成了“服输”的代名词，而 not say uncle 就相当于“嘴硬”了。 　　04.老师很喜欢这个嘴甜的小姑娘。 　　[误] The teacher likes this sweet-mouthed little girl very much. 　　[正] The teacher likes this honey-lipped little girl very much. 　　注：中国人喜欢说“嘴甜”，但 honey-lipped 更符合英美人的语言习惯。 　　05.同学们都很讨厌他，因为他经常拍老师的马屁。 　　[误] The student all dislike him because he often pats the teachers ass. 　　[正] The students all dislike him because he often licks the teachers boots. 　　注：以前在欧洲，臣民见到国王与王后往往要葡匐到在，亲吻他们的靴子。后来，人们将 lick the boots 引申为“为了某种目的而讨好某人”，它与汉语的“拍马屁”含义一样。在美国英语中，“拍马屁”还有另一种说法，即 polish the apple，它典出以前的学生用擦亮的苹果来讨好老师。 　　06.你听说了吗?迈克把他的女朋友给甩了。 　　[误] Have you ever heard that Mike broke up with his girlfriend. 　　[正] Have you ever heard that Mike dumped his girlfriend. 　　注：break up with sb. 虽然表示“与某人分手了”，但并没说明是谁先提出来的。而 dump 的原意指“倾倒垃圾”，用在这里则表示像倒垃圾一样地甩掉。 　　07.我们要把祖国建设成为社会主义的现代化强国。 　　[误] We will build our motherland into a socialist modern powerful country. 　　[正] We will build our motherland into a modern powerful socialist country. 　　注：形容词作为修饰语在汉语和英语中都很常用，但使用的先后次序却有所不同。在英语中我们一般遵循“靠近原则”，即越能说明本质属性的修饰词