[高一语法]非谓语动词.docVIP

[高一语法]非谓语动词动名词一、动名词的基本特征：表主动的，抽象的，无时间概念。 二、“色普·玛尔格·菲克斯”Cep.marg.fiks“色普·玛尔格·菲克斯”是指后面只能用动名词作宾语的动词。　　C—— consider, cant help, cant stand , complete　　E—— enjoy, excuse, escape　　P—— practise, put off , postpone　? ?M—— miss, mind　　A—— avoid, admit , appreciate　　R—— risk　　G—— give up　　F—— finish　　I—— imagine　　K—— keep　　S—— suggest三、在begin, start, continue等词后，既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词。但其后如是：see, understand, realize时，一般用不定式。四、love, like, hate, prefer之后，用不定式表示某一具体动作或情况（一般在其前加would或should）；用动名词表示一般性动作（如爱好或习惯）。五、need, demand, want, require在表示“需要”时，用动名词的主动形式表被动，或用不定式的被动形式，但动名词形式更常见。六、“八大金刚” “八大金刚”是指既可以用动名词作宾语，又可以用不定式作宾语，但意义完全不同的动词。八大金刚to do sth.doing sth. remember记住要做…记得做过… forget忘记了要做…忘记了做过… try企图做…试着做… mean想要做…意味着… stop停下来做…停止做… go on接着再作别的事继续做… regret遗憾未做…后悔做了… agree答应别人的要求(to)赞成别人的意见 七、使用动名词的其他情况1.在any(some, no)use, any(some, no)good等词后要用动名词There is no use doing sth.=It is no use doing sth.　It is no good doing sth.　It is of no use doing sth. (=to do sth.)2.在下列结构中要用动名词　have no business doing sth.（无权做…）feel like doing sth.（想要做…）make a point of doing sth.　（认为…是必要的）　On doing sth.（一…就…）　be worth doing （值得做…）3.注意：advise (allow, consider, permit, encourage, forbid) sb. to do sth. advise (allow, consider, permit, encourage, forbid) doing sth. 不定式 １．不定式的基本特征：主动的，表将来的，表目的、表具体的We asked them to sing a folk song with us. In order to learn English well , he stayed up far into the night.２．不定式做主语常用于：“It is + 形容词＋不定式”句型It is difficult to learn a foreign language well. It is kind of you to help me with my English.　　It is necessary for us to do computer studies.３．不定式作宾补。可以跟不定式作宾补的动词有：1. ask　invite　encourage　tell…　2. make　see　watch　hear　have　notice　observe　let（不定式符号要省略）3. help（不定式符号可省略也可以不省略）４．不定式作状语主要是表目的，有时也表结果。1. in??order??to, so as??to,强调目的。前者位于句首或句中；后者只能位于句中。2. so...as to... , such...as to..., enough to..., too... to... 等结构表结果。3.不定式表结果常和only 连用。He got to the station only to find the train had left.５．不定式作定语，放在被修饰名词的后面。He has a meeting to