主谓一致综合讲解.docxVIP

主谓一致一.概念:主谓一致是指：1） 语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。2） 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。二.相关知识点精讲1. 主谓一致中的靠近原则 (there be ; either…or; neither…nor; not only…but also; not…but)Either you or she is to go.2. 当主语有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词组成的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语部分一致。(就远原则)　 The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. He as well as I wants to go boating.3. 代词each以及由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语时，或主语中含有each, every时, 谓语需用单数。　 Each of us has a tape-recorder. 　 There is something wrong with my watch. 4. 当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数。　 The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English. 5. 表示金钱，时间，价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数。　 Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. 　 Ten yuan is enough. 6. 代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。All is right.　一切顺利。All are present.　人都到齐了。7.集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后，谓语动词用复数形式时强调这个集体中的各个成员，用单数时强调该集体的整体。　　 His family isnt very large. 　　 His family are music lovers.　　 （但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。）　　 Are there any police around? 8.有些名词，如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数，有时看作复数。　 A number of +名词复数+复数动词。　 The number of +名词复数+单数动词。　 A number of books have lent out.　 The majority of the students like English.9．用half of, most of, none of, heaps of, lots of, plenty of 等引起主语时，谓语动词通常与of后面的名词/代词保持一致。　 Most of his money is spent on books. Most of the students are taking an active part in sports. 10. 用a portion of, a series of, a pile of, a panel of 等引起主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。 A series of accidents has been reported. 11. 如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的短语作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式。但由more than… of 作主语时，动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。例如：　 Many a person has read the novel.　　 More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.12. 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数，例如： 　 Reading and writing are very important. 　 注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如：　 T