主谓一致(一).ppt

主谓一致(一) 什么是主谓一致 主语和谓语在人称和数上的一致,又叫主动一致(Subject-verb Concord)。 三原则:语法一致原则 意义一致原则 邻近原则 语法一致原则： (1)The boys are playing outside. (2)Every girl comes on time. (3)Much effort is wasted. (1)His family is well known in their town. (2)His family are waiting for him. 意义一致原则：谓语的单、复数取决于主语 的单、复数意义。主语是单 数形式却有复数意义，谓语 用复数；主语是复数形式却 有单数意义，谓语用单数 (1)The class are reading. (2)The mathematics is a difficult subject. 邻近原则：谓语单、复数要与与它邻近 的名词单、复数保持一致 There is one book and two pencils on the desk. (1)Both boys have their own merits. (2)Many people want to go. (3)Fifteen miles seems like a long walk to me. (4)Neither Julia nor I am going. 以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致 集体名词作主语的主谓一致 1.以-s 结尾的疾病名称和游戏名称 疾病名称：用作单数，谓语动词用单数， 如phlebitis, arthritis, bronchitis, rickets, mumps, diabetes, 注：有些疾病名称单、复数都可用 游戏名称：用作单数，谓语动词用单数 如 checkers， draughts， bowls，craps，dominoes， fives 注:（1）有个别游戏名称名词作复数 （2）进行游戏所用物含复数意义 (1)Mumps is a kind of infectious disease. (2)Darts is essentially a free and easy game. (3)Marbles vary in kind and quality. 2.以-ics 结尾的学科名称，通常作单数用，谓语动词用单数，如tactics ,phonetics, gymnastics， electronics, classics, ethics等 注：表“学科”以外意义，可用复数 (1)Physics is an important subject in middle school. (2)The economics of the project are still being considered. 3.以-s 结尾的国家名称，表单一政治实体，用作单数，谓语动词用单数，如the United States, the Netherlands等 4.以-s 结尾的群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布名称，用作复数，谓语动词用复数 The United States is a country of people with varied origins. (2) The Himalayas have a magnificent variety of plant and animal life. 5.以-s 结尾的由两部分组成的物体名称，如前无单位词（一把、一副、一双），通常作复数，谓语用复数，如 服装：braces 工具：scissors suspenders pincers pyjamas glasses