21加热炉钢坯温度智能控制.doc

摘　　要 热处理是提高金属材料及其制品质量的重要手段。近年来随着工业的发展，对金属材料的性能提出了更多更高的要求，因而热处理技术也向着优质、高效、节能、无公害方向发展。加热炉是热处理生产中应用最广的加热设备，这样加热时均温过程的测量与控制就成为关键性的技术，促使人们更加积极地研究控制热加工工艺过程的方法。 加热炉是一种具有纯滞后的大惯性系统，开关炉门、加热材料、环境温度以及电网电压等都影响控制过程，传统的加热炉控制系统大多建立在一定的模型基础上，难以保证加热工艺要求。因此本文将模糊控制算法引入传统的加热炉控制系统构成智能模糊控制系统，利用模糊控制规则自适应地在线对PID参数进行修改，借此提高其控制效果。 本系统以8031单片机为主体，构成一个能进行较复杂的数据处理和复杂控制功能的智能控制器，使其既可与微机配合构成两级控制系统，又可作为一个独立的单片机控制系统，具有较高的灵活性和可靠性。单片机根据输入的各种命令，进行智能算法得到控制值，输出脉冲触发信号，从而加热。 本文提出的基于模糊的自整定PID控制算法的控制系统具有真正的智能化和灵活性，有自动检测、数据实时采集、处理及控制结果显示等功能，所获控制精度高，对高质量热处理件的加工具有指导意义。 Intelligent control system of reheating furnace billet temperature Abstract Heat treatment is a main means of improving metal material and metalwork. In recent yeas, with the development of industry, there are more and more supernal request for metalwork, so heat treatment is hammering at high quality and efficient, low-power and zero-social effects of pollution. Resistance furnace is a used broadest heating equipment in heat treatment, and measurement and control of temperature in heating is becoming pivotal technic. These urge people study methods of controlling heating process. Reheating furnace has pure lag and larger inertia. There are many factors which affect controlling process, such as opening and closing furnace door, heated metal material, surrounding temperature and wire power. In tradition, heating furnace controlling system is most based on some model, which cant achieve heating process request. So this paper try in draught fuzzy controlling arithmetic into traditional heating furnace controlling system to form brainpower fuzzy control system. It makes using of fuzzy control rule to self-tuning PID parameters on line, and improving its control effect. This system take 8031 monolithic integrated circuits as the principal part and is an intelligent controller that can work intricater data processing and intricate control function. It not only is a member working with computer but also is a self-governed control, and has more flexibl