水力学、河流动力学英语专业词汇参考资料 .doc

水力学、河流动力学、流体力学专业词汇 Fundamental Glossary in Hydraulics Hydrostatics? ?? ?水静力学 Hydrodynamics? ?水动力学 Physical properties of water??水的物理性质 Density??密度? ?? ?? ?specific gravity? ?比重 Kinematic viscosity? ?运动粘性? ?? ?? ?absolute viscosity??动力粘性 Elastic modulus? ?弹性模量? ?? ?? ?? ?surface tension? ? 表面张力 Temperature? ? ? ? 温度? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?isotropic (y) 各向同性 Anisotropic (y) 各向异性? ?? ?? ?? ?uniform (ity) 均匀(性) Heterogeneous (ity)??不均匀(性) Main force??主要作用力 Gravity??重力? ???inertia force??惯性力? ???pressure 压力(强)? ? drag??阻力 Mass force??质量力? ?? ?? ?surface force??表面力 Constitutive relationship? ?本构关系 Stress 应力? ? strain??应变? ???deformation 变形??displacement??位移??normal? ?法向? ?tangent? 切向? ?? ? shear 剪力? ?? ? acceleration??加速度 Angular deformation? ?角变形 Local acceleration? ?当地加速度? ?convective acceleration??迁移加速度??compressibility 压缩性? ? continuity连续性 Scalar??纯量??vector??矢量??tensor??张量?? magnitude??模(大小)??direction??方向 Divergence 散度? ?curl 旋度? ?gradient 梯度 Source??源? ?? ???sink??汇 Frequency??频率??amplitude 振幅??phase 相位 resonance共振 Mass conservation 质量守恒? ?momentum??conservation 动量守恒? ? energy conservation 能量守恒 Initial condition 初始条件? ? boundary condition边界条件 Ordinal differential equation??常微分方程? ?? ??? partial differential equation? ?偏微分方程 Convection,??advection 对流? ? diffusion 扩散? ? dispersion 弥散 decay 衰减??degradation降解 Flow pattern流态??flow type 流型 Laminar flow 层流? ?? ?? ? turbulent flow 紊流 Supercritical flow 急流? ?? ?subcritical flow??缓流? ?? ?critical flow临界流 Rapidly varied flow急变流? ?gradually varied flow渐变流 Uniform flow??均匀流? ?? ?non-uniform flow??非均匀流 Mainstream flow??主流? ?? ?wake flow??尾流 Steady flow??恒定流? ?? ? unsteady flow??非恒定流 One-dimensional flow? ?一维流? ?two-dimensional flow二维流 three-dimensional flow??三维流 Single-phase flow 单相流? ???double-phase flow 两相流? ? multi-phase flow??多相流 Irrotational flow??无旋流? ? potential flow 势流? ?rotational flow 有旋流 Open channel flow 明渠流? ?free surface flow 自由表面流 (明渠流) Pipe flow??管流? ?? ?? ?? ?pressure flow??有压流 Jet??射流? ?? ?plume??卷流(羽流)? ? cros