WestCan4加拿大西部历史.ppt

The Northwest Rebellions (1822 – 1885) Canada in 1825 Red River Settlement Red River was set up by HBC in 1811 - HBC maintained after 1821 merger with NWC - allowed Métis to retain traditional lifestyle Métis people slowly replaced HBC workers - Children of a European man and Native woman - Involved in the Fur Trade since New France - Spoke French or English and a Native language Most Métis were French, so changes came - used seigneurial system, Catholic church - some English Métis, but accepted the changes - peaceful coexistence for 40 years Red River Settlement Red River Settlement Upper Fort Garry (Fort Gibraltar) Council of Assiniboia Council of Assiniboia Established in 1821 by the HBC - after merger with NWC and death of Lord Selkirk - even out friction in Red River Representative Council - religious Roman Catholic and Anglican representatives - Métis and “Country borns” (English Métis) included - however not democratic - no elections held for the positions - many were HBC employees and followed company policy Did provide a platform to deal with problems - allowed NWC workers to adjust to HBC leadership Responsible Government in the East Rebellions of 1837-38 - against lack of representative government - in both Upper and Lower Canada - little success, but gains attention from Britain Lord Elgin arrives 1848 - work out the problems in the Canada’s - Allows for Responsible Government - election of majority of representatives - Province of Canada (French and English 42 seats each) Rebellion Losses Bill 1849 - to compensate French-Canadian losses in 1837-38 - Results in Riots, Parliament Buildings Burned Down 1854 Retires and Returns to Britain - last act is to abolish the Seigneurial System (French) - will cause problems in Red River 16 years later Moves to Confederation Responsible Government runs into problems - system led to deadlock - voting along language lines: English and French - unable to pass laws, bud