ZnO纳米粒子的制备及表征大学论文.docVIP

ZnO纳米粒子的制备及表征 摘 要 本文首先介绍了现有的纳米ZnO的制备方法，由于液相沉淀-热分解法具有设备简单，反应条件易于控制，制备粒子的粒径小的优点，所以确定使用该方法来制备纳米ZnO。 为了确定纳米ZnO的最佳制备条件，针对反应时间、反应温度、Zn2+浓度、物料配比和前驱体的焙烧温度进行了平行对照实验，测试制得的纳米粒子的粒径确定了反应时间为1.5h、反应温度为80℃、Zn2+浓度为1.2mol/L、nNa：nZn为2:1、前驱体焙烧温度为350℃时制得的ZnO粒径最小。在最优条件下制得了平均粒径在50-70nm的纳米ZnO。使用了XRD、SEM、红外分光光度计分析和热重仪对制得的ZnO进行了表征。 以甲基橙溶液作为降解对象的验证纳米ZnO的光催化性能，甲基橙初始浓度为10mg/L,纳米ZnO投放量为200mg，前驱体焙烧温度为300℃得到的纳米ZnO光催化效果最佳，pH对纳米ZnO的光催化效果物明显影响。 关键词 纳米ZnO；热分解法；合成；光催化 The Preparation of Nanometer ZnO and Characterization Abstract In the first part, this paper introduces some preparation methods of nanometer ZnO,such as direct precipitation method,sluggish precipitation,Hydrothermal synthesis,method of sol-gel,thermal decomposition,pulsed laser deposition,mol- ecular beam epitaxy,pulverization decomposition process method. We decided to use the thermal decomposition method in preparation of nanometer ZnO,due to this method has simple equipment,easy operation and smaller pore diameter nanometer ZnO was preparation. In order to determine the best preparation condition of nanometer ZnO,We prepared some nanometer ZnO in different rea- ction time,reaction temperature,throma of Zn2+,material blending ration and sint- ering temperature of precursor. Recur to particle size measurement ,the best con- dition of preparation for nanometer ZnO.When reaction time is 1.5 hour,reaction temperature is 80 ℃,throma of Zn2+ is 1.2mol/L, nNa：nZn is 2:1 and sintering temperature of precursor is 300℃,diameter of nanometer ZnO is minimal.Nano- meter ZnO that average grain size is 50-70 nm was prepared in the best Conditions.The nanometer ZnO was characterized by X ray diffdraction(XRD), Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),infrared spectrometer(FTIR) and thermal gravimetric analyzer. The room temperature of the ZnO powders was examined and its activiyt of Photocatalytic descomposition of methyl orange was described.The decolorizea- tion efficiency of methly orange was studied,while the effects of the pH,dosage of nanomete