单片机的交通灯控制器的设计与实现.docVIP

基于单片机的交通灯控制器的设计与实现摘要:近年来随着科技的飞速发展，单片机的应用正在不断深入，同时带动传统控制检测技术日益更新。在实时检测和自动控制的单片机应用系统中，单片机往往作为一个核心部件来使用，仅单片机方面知识是不够的，还应根据具体硬件结构软硬件结合，加以完善。十字路口车辆穿梭，行人熙攘，车行车道，人行人道，有条不紊。那么靠什么来实现这井然秩序呢？靠的就是交通信号灯的自动指挥系统。交通信号灯控制方式很多。本系统采用本设计采用74190 芯片倒计时控制，每个方向用两片相连实现，另外用74153芯片，因为分析中设置的时间末位均为5，所以只要用一片74153 对高位置位，将低位的初值预置锁定为5，而高位则根据需要由反馈部分提供预置值。绿灯时间可检测车流量并可通过双位数码管显示。本系统实用性强、操作简单、扩展功能强。 关键词：单片机，交通灯，车流量 Microcontroller-based traffic light controller design and implementation of Abstract: With the rapid development of science and technology in recent years, SCM applications are deepening at the same time promote the growing of traditional control detection technology updates. In real-time detection and automatic control of the microcomputer application system, the microcontroller is often used as a core component, only the microcontroller is not enough knowledge, but also based on specific hardware structure of hardware and software combination to be improved. Crossroads shuttle vehicles, pedestrians bustling, car dealers driveway, people walkways, methodical. Then rely on to achieve this discipline of the order of it? Is the traffic lights by the automatic control system. Traffic signal control many ways. The system uses this design uses a 74190 chip countdown control in each direction, connected with the two realized, also used the 74153 chip, because the time set Bottom of the analysis are five, so as long as 74,153 pairs of high position with a bit of the low initial pre-locked to 5, while the high is provided as needed by the feedback part of the preset values. Green time of traffic flow can be detected by a double-digit LED display. The system practical, simple, extending strong function. Keywords: microcontroller, traffic lights, Traffic flow 1 绪论 今天，红绿灯安装在各个道口上，已经成为疏导交通车辆最常见和最有效的手段。但这一技术在19世纪就已出现了。 1858年，在英国伦敦主要街头安装了以燃煤气为光源的红，蓝两色的机械扳手式信号灯，用以指挥马车通行。这是世界上最早的交通信号灯。1868年，英国机械工程师纳伊特在伦敦威斯敏斯特区的议会大厦前的广场上，安装了世界上最早的煤气红绿灯。它由红绿两块以旋转式方形玻璃提灯组成，红色表示“停止”，绿色表示“注意”。1869年1月2日，煤气灯爆炸，使警察受伤，遂被取消。 19