初中英语阅读能力培养校本课程.doc

初中英语阅读能力培养校本课程 昌乐外国语学校 九年级一部 葛文清 高蕾 第一章、初中英语阅读——文体 【你知道吗？】 英语阅读有不同的文体，而一篇文章的设题是受其文体限制的。所以，首先应该从文体角度来训练。初中阅读理解常用的体裁有： （一）故事类。初中生接触到的阅读材料大都是故事类。阅读故事类的材料，应该抓住人物线索、地点线索、时间线索和情节发展线索。特别注意的是，以上线索往往是并存的。因为情节的发展总是涉及到人物的变化、时间的推移、场景的变换等。而阅读材料后的阅读理解往往会围绕这些内容设计一些事实类的理解题。凡事实类的理解题都可以从阅读材料的表层文字中找到答案。在阅读故事类短文时，应指导学生理解文章的深层含义，也就是它的主题。在此需要注意的是，现在的阅读理解题在测试事实类的理解题的同时，往往有一道推理类理解测试题． （二）科普类。科普类的阅读理解包含介绍科学知识、社会知识的短文。阅读这类短文时，要以事实为中心进行思考，抓住事物的特征、用途、相互关系等．如果是介绍社会现象的文章，要掌握所谈现象的内涵。 （三）图表类。图表类短文是通过看图或表格等来了解某方面的情况。指导学生阅读这类材料时，主要从两方面入手；一是了解图表的主题，确定图表的主要内容，二是推敲本论文图画语言或数字，找出它们之间的关联或试图表达的含义。 （四）新闻类。报刊阅读应逐步成为中学生阅读的一个重要内容。由于新闻报道强调遵循 5 个 W 和 1 个 H的原则，学生在阅读时也要抓住这一点去理解。 【答题技巧】 1．记叙文—抓住人物，地点，时间，情节发展线索。 2.说明文—要以事物为中心进行思考。抓住事物的特征，用途，相互关系等。 【练一练】In the early 1990s,the word“Internet” was strange to most people. But today, Internet has become a useful tool for people all over the world. Maybe Internet has been the greatest invention in the field of communication in the history of mankind（人类） Communicating with others on the Internet is much faster. We can chat with a person who is sitting in the other part of the world. We can e-mail our friends and they can read the e-mails within a minute. Giving all kinds of information is probably the biggest advantage of the Internet. We can use search engines to find the information we need. Just type in a keyword or keywords and the search engine will give us a list of suitable websites to look at. We can enjoy a lot on the Internet by downloading games, visiting chat rooms or surfing （浏览）websites. There are some games for free .We can meet new and interesting people in the chat now. We can also listen to music and see films. Now，there is a lot of service on the Internet such as online banking ,job finding and ticket buying. We can also do shopping and find nearly all kinds of goods. Sometimes we can find something that is quite good but very cheap. 1. How many main advantages of the Internet are talked about in the passage? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Si