基于AT89C51的LCD数字测速仪.doc

四川师范大学本科毕业设计 基于AT89C51的LCD数字测速仪的设计 ——测量汽车车速 学生姓名 吴小刚 院系名称 工学院 专业名称 电气工程及其自动化 班 级 2007级 1班 学 号 2007210106 指导教师 宰文姣 完成时间 2011年 5月 18日 基于AT89C51的数字测速仪 学生姓名：吴小刚 指导教师：宰文姣 内容摘要 随着居民生活水平的不断提高，家用轿车开始普及为人们娱乐、休闲代步的工具。汽车测速仪能够满足人们最基本的需求，让人们能清楚地知道当前的速度、里程、时间等物理量。以便做出判断和采取必要的措施，以防止交通事故的发生。测速仪作为汽车最基本、最重要的部件之一，在汽车的运行过程中起着至关重要的作用。一个性能良好、测量精确、稳定的测速系统，从某种意义上说，直接影响着汽车乃至司乘人员的生命安全。 本论文主要阐述一种基于光电传感器的汽车测速仪的设计。以 AT89C52 单片机为核心，OPTC 光断续器测转数，实现对汽车速度、时间的测量统计，并能将汽车的里程数及速度信息送单片机，并通过单片机输出驱动信号，用LCD实时显示。文章详细介绍了汽车测速仪的硬件电路和软件设计。硬件部分利用光电传感器组件将汽车每转一圈的脉冲数传入单片机系统，然后单片机系统将信号经过处理送显示。软件部分用C语言进行编程，采用模块化设计思想。该系统硬件电路简单，子程序具有通用性，完全符合设计要求。 关键词：速度；时间；光断续器；单片机；LCD显示 The car speedometer design based on the AT89C51 ABSTRACT With the developing of people’s life, the car is becoming the universal tool of transportation and substitute for walking and becoming the first choice of entertainment and exercising. The car speedometer can fulfill the basic need of people’s life, so that they can learn the speed、 the mileage 、the time of the car. For that people could take some necessary measures in case of any accident happened by a dangerous speed. As one of the most basic and important part of a car, speedometer is taking an important role during the car’s running. To some extent, an accurate and stable speedometer has a effect on the driver’s life directly. In this paper, the car speedometer design based on the photoelectric sensor element is elaborated. By AT89C52 as kernel, using photoelectric sensor element to measure revolution, the measure and statistic are achieved. The car speed can be displayed on LCD. In this article, the hardware circuit and software design of car speedometer instrument are introduced in detail. About the hardware, the pulse number is transmitted of one cycle of the car into Single Chip Microcomputer system. Then the signal processed by Single Chip Microcomputer system is sent to display scream. About the soft