盐敏感性高血压特点及防治.pdfVIP

2015 年 4 月第 35 卷第 4 期 中国实用内科杂志 299 • 专题笔谈 高血压药物治疗临床认识 盐敏感性高血压特点及防治 李玉明,杨 宁 DOI:10.7504/nk2015030305 中图分类号:R544.1 文献标志码:A 摘要 : 盐敏感性是连接盐与高血压的遗传基础 , 其涉及一系列病理生理改变 : 钠代谢异常、交感神经活性增强、胰岛 素抵抗、内皮功能不良、氧化应激及炎症激活等。盐敏感性高血压有其独特的临床特点 : 盐负荷后血压明显升高 , 血 压的昼夜差值缩小 , 血压的应激反应增强 , 靶器官损害出现早。在盐敏感性高血压的防治中 , 限盐是关键 , 其次包 括补充钾离子、钙离子摄入以及替代低钠盐的应用。钙拮抗剂和利尿剂是治疗盐敏感性高血压的首选药物。 关键词 : 高血压 ; 盐敏感性 The characteristics and prevention of salt-sensitive hypertension. LI Yu-ming , YANG Ning. Armed Police Logistics College, Tianjin 300309, China Corresponding author:LI Yu-ming, E-mail:cardiolab@ Abstract: Salt sensitivity is the genetic basis of hypertension induced by salt. It involves a series of pathophysiological changes: Sodium transport anomaly, enhanced sympathetic activity, insulin resistance, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammatory activation, etc. Salt-sensitivity hypertension has its unique clinical features: blood pressure increased significantly after salt loading, difference between diurnal and nocturnal blood pressure reduced, stress reaction of blood pressure enhanced, target organ damage appeared earlier. In prevention of salt-sensitive hypertension, first is to limit salt intake, second including supplement of potassium and calcium intake, and the application of low sodium salt. Calcium antagonists and diuretics are the preferred drug for the treatment of salt-sensitive hypertension. Keywords: ; hypertension salt sensitivity 李玉明 , 教授、主任医师、博士生 一种血压升高的反应 , 与之相关联的高血压称为盐 导师。武警后勤学院院长 , 武警部队 敏感性高血压 [2-3] 。