安工大（国际贸易实务）重点总结.doc

documents against acceptance: D/A calls for delivery of documents against acceptance of the draft drawn by the seller. In D/A terms the collecting bank is permitted to release the documents to the buyer against acceptance of a bill of exchange. documents against payment: D/P calls for actual payment against the transfer of documents. In D/P terms, the collecting bank releases the documents to the buyer only upon full and immediate cash payment. offer: An offer is a promise conditioned on acceptance which, no matter whether from a seller or a buyer, must be communicated to the offeree and must clearly undertake a performance definite as to all essential terms. Counter offer is reply to an offer in which contains additions, limitations or other modifications. Counter offer is a rejection of the offer and therefore constitutes a new offer. Enquiry is a document issued by a party interested in the purchase of goods specified therein and indicating particular, desirable conditions regarding delivery terms, etc., addressed to a prospective supplier with a view to obtaining an offer. Acceptance: Acceptance is a final and unqualified expression of assent to the terms of an offer. The multimodal transport document (MTD) is a document which evidences the combined transport contract and indicates that the multimodal transport operator shall take over the goods and shall be responsible for delivering the goods according to the clauses in the contract. Distribution is a kind of international trade forms that based on a certain agreement. The seller (the supplier) authorizes the rights of purchase, sale and allocation to the buyer (the distributor) within specific areas or regions and periods. Agency is dealing with a contractual relationship when an agent is authorized to act on behalf of another (called the principal) to create a legal relationship with the third party. Tender：Tender is a procedure to generate competing offers from different bidders looking to obtain business p