Lesson_45__MARPOL_73、78.ppt

Wuhan Institute of Shipbuilding Technology Power Engineering Department Lesson 45 MARPOL 73/78第45课 73/78防污公约 MARPOL 73/78 is the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 relating thereto. MARPOL 73/78系指《经1978年议定书修订的1973年国际防止船舶造成污染公约》。 The MARPOL Convention is the main international convention covering prevention of pollution of the marine environment by ships from operational or accidental causes. MARPOL公约是防止船舶因操作或事故原因而对海洋环境造成污染的主要公约。 It is a combination of two treaties adopted in 1973 and 1978 respectively and updated by amendments through the years. 它由1973年和1978年两个相对独立的条约联合而成，多年来，经多个修正案更新。 The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) was adopted on 2 November 1973 at IMO and covered pollution by oil, chemicals, harmful substances in packaged form, sewage and garbage. 《国际防止船舶造成污染公约》( MARPOL)是1973年11月2日在IMO通过的，涵盖了油污染、化学品污染、包装形式的有毒物质污染、生活污水污染及垃圾污染。 The Protocol of 1978 relating to the 1973 International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (1978 MARPOL Protocol) was adopted at a Conference on Tanker Safety and Pollution Prevention in February 1978 held in response to a spate of tanker accidents in 1976-1977. 《关于1973年国际防止船舶造成污染公约1978年议定书》是在1978年2月针对1976年~1977年发生的油船事故召开的油船安全和防污染(国际外交)大会上通过的 (Measures relating to tanker design and operation were also incorporated into a Protocol of 1978 relating to the 1974 Convention on the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974). (关于油船设计及操作的措施也包括在《关于1974年国际海上人命安全公约1978年议定书》中)。 As the 1973 MARPOL Convention had not yet entered into force, 鉴于MARPOL 73公约当时没有生效， the 1978 MARPOL Protocol absorbed the parent Convention. 1978年MARPOL议定书吸收了两个原始公约的内容。 The combined instrument is referred to as the International Convention for the Prevention of Marine Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 relating thereto (MARPOL 73/78), 这也就是《经1978年议定书修订的1973年国际防止船舶造成污染公约》， and it entered into force on 2 Oct